Psychological and Legal Issues in Minors' Rights to Abortion

Pliner, A J; Yates, Suzanne

doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1992.tb00904.x

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Portanto, um limite de idade intermediário pode ser admissível do ponto de vista bioético; esse argumento é apoiado pelo nosso grupo de estudo, que teve um escore de aprovação altamente significativo para a ideia de autorizar menores acima de 16 anos a tomar decisões reprodutivas, em comparação com os pacientes abaixo de 16 anos. Outros motivos, de natureza não médica, que limitam a capacidade do adolescente de tomar decisões médicas, como aqueles relacionados a uma potencial diminuição nas taxas de aborto 20,[22][23][24] , devem ser cuidadosamente equilibrados com o fato de que a gravidez está associada a uma carga psicológica, física e econômica muito maior para o adolescente do que um aborto 21 . Se a lei determina uma limitação para a capacidade de decisão médica dos adolescentes baseada na idade, isso não apenas reduz a autodeterminação do paciente, mas também pode alterar significativamente sua vida, limitando algumas escolhas em áreas como escolaridade, relacionamentos, etc.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Hostiuc¹

2012

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objectives: To assess the views of physicians in training regarding the informed consent as autonomous authorization in pediatrics and to discuss the limiting effects of the competence norm in this field. Methods:We conducted a multi-institutional survey with 158 medical residents in order to assess the views of physicians in training regarding the informed consent as autonomous authorization in pediatrics. The study was conducted with volunteer participants, from a limited geographical area (Bucharest and surrounding areas).Results: Most respondents strongly agreed that a patient aged 16-18 years should make informed medical decisions regarding any type of procedures (including reproductive choices), whilst those aged 14-16 should be allowed to take informed medical decisions regarding minor procedures only. Most participants agreed that transplant procedures involving bone marrow should be allowed between siblings if they approve, whilst most disagreed allowing solid organ transplantation. The involvement of children in clinical studies should only be allowed if the children agree. Conclusions:The responses obtained in our study regarding the informed consent put it closer to the autonomic authorization sense than the effective authorization sense. Therefore, respondents' moral intuition is more bioethical and less legal, which, even if maximizing the patient's benefit, is associated with an increased liability risk. However, since the newer generations become more and more precocious, a reanalysis of the classical competence dogmas should be conducted.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2012;88(6):518-23: Informed consent by minors, parental consent, third-party consent, competence. ResumoObjetivos: Analisar o ponto de vista de médicos em treinamento a respeito do consentimento informado como autorização autônoma em pediatria e discutir os efeitos limitantes da norma de competência nesse campo. Métodos:Foi realizado um estudo multi-institucional com 158 residentes de medicina com o intuito de analisar o ponto de vista de médicos em treinamento a respeito do consentimento informado como autorização autônoma em pediatria. A participação no estudo foi voluntária, e os participantes eram provenientes de uma área geográfica limitada (Bucareste e arredores). Resultados:A maioria dos respondentes concordou totalmente que um paciente entre 16 e 18 anos deve tomar decisões médicas informadas sobre qualquer tipo de procedimento (inclusive os referentes a escolhas reprodutivas); enquanto que pacientes entre 14 e 16 anos devem ser autorizados a tomar decisões médicas informadas apenas a respeito de procedimentos menores. A maioria concordou que transplantes de medula óssea devem ser permitidos entre irmãos se aprovados por ambos, enquanto que a maioria não concorda com o transplante de órgãos sólidos. A participação de crianças em estudos clínicos deve ser permitida apenas se a criança concordar. Conclusões:As respostas obtidas em nosso estudo sobre o consentimento informado aproximam-no mais do sentido de autorização autônoma do...

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Hostiuc¹

2012

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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“…Competence is domain specific; performance in one sector does not necessarily generalize to performance in other sectors, and there is no single measure of competence (Pliner & Yates, 1992). This limits the extent to which research in areas other than health can be applied to evaluating adolescents' capacity to give informed consent for abortion.…”

Section: Issues Raised By Parental Involvement Lawsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abortion among adolescents.

Adler¹,

Ozer²,

Tschann³

2003

American Psychologist

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In most countries, adolescents' access to abortion is limited by restrictions on legal abortion. Abortion is legal in the United States, but many states require parental consent or notification. Legislation mandating parental consent has been justified by several assumptions, including high risk of psychological harm from abortion, adolescents' inability to make an adequately informed decision, and benefits of parental involvement. Empirical data raise questions about the first 2 assumptions: Studies suggest a relatively low risk associated with abortion, and adolescents seeking abortion appear to make an informed choice. Less is known about effects of parental involvement. The authors review available research and discuss policy debates over parental consent in the United States and the international context.

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“…The results of this and other studies suggest that minors, especially young minors, tend to involve their parents voluntarily in the abortion decision (Blum, Resnick, and Stark, 1987~Cartoof and Klerman, 1986~Clary, 1982. Just as in the Blum, Resnick, and Stark (1990) study, the remaining research on the judicial bypass process has focused on the minor and the competence of minors in making pregnancy resolution decisions (see Ambuel, 1995 andPliner andYates, 1992, for reviews). The current study is an attempt to look at the other half of the judicial bypass equation: the judicial bypass process from the judges' point of view.…”

Section: Research On Judicial Bypassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Considered by Ohio Juvenile Court Judges in Judicial Bypass Judgments: A Policy-Capturing Approach

Sensibaugh

Allgeier

1996

Polit. life sci.

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Judicial bypass is a procedure by which a minor can bypass notification of her parents to obtain an abortion if a judge finds her to be sufficiently mature. We examined the factors used by juvenile court judges in judicial bypass. Nine Ohio juvenile court judges indicated the likelihood of granting judicial bypass for 48 fictitious adolescents based on six factors relevant to each minor's maturity. Individual policies were calculated according to how each factor was weighed. The policies indicated that age, coercion of the minor's decision, and assessment of risk were more heavily weighed than were grade point average, extracurricular activities, and past work experience. Although the judges used the same factors, there were large differences in how those factors were used and in the total cases judged mature. The results indicated that the judges had little insight into their own judgment policies.

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Psychological and Legal Issues in Minors' Rights to Abortion

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Informed consent and competence in pediatrics: opinions from a sample of Romanian physicians in training

Abortion among adolescents.

Factors Considered by Ohio Juvenile Court Judges in Judicial Bypass Judgments: A Policy-Capturing Approach

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