Psychological and physical abuse in the schools: A paradigm for understanding post-traumatic stress disorder in children and youth

Hyman, Irwin A.; Zelikoff, Wendy; Clarke, Jacqueline

doi:10.1007/bf00975001

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For example, children abused in educational settings may be left with feelings of shame, worthlessness, confusion, and guilt (Dolmage, 1995). They may also experience PTSD or related symptoms, including avoidance of school and fear associated with educators; loss of trust in or fear of adults, especially educators; loss of interest in school; denial of or refusal to discuss the traumatic event; nightmares; and excessive crying (Hyman et al, 1988). As parents, survivors may be retraumatized when they send their children to school, fearing that they, too, will be victimized.…”

Section: Factors Contributing To Harmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of child abuse in community institutions and organizations: Advancing professional and scientific understanding.

Wolfe

Jaffe

Jette

et al. 2003

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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Although child abuse by family members has received considerable scientific and professional attention, knowledge on the impact of abuse committed by perpetrators in (nonfamilial) community organizations and institutions is lacking. We present a conceptual framework derived from child abuse studies, the authors’ collective clinical experience with adult survivors of nonfamilial abuse, and two independent panels of abuse survivors, practitioners, and researchers familiar with the impact of such abuse. The framework identifies abuse‐related factors that contribute to harmful outcomes, and dimensions of harm associated with such acts. Implications of the conceptual framework are discussed in relation to professional education and practice guidelines, policy and prevention initiatives, and research needs.

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Section: Factors Contributing To Harmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of child abuse in community institutions and organizations: Advancing professional and scientific understanding.

Wolfe

Jaffe

Jette

et al. 2003

Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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“…Some studies have demonstrated more traumatic reactions in younger children (e.g. Hyman, Zelikoff & Clarke, 1988;Rigamer, 1986), while others have failed to find age effects (e.g. Pynoos et al, 1987;Terr, 1979).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Posttraumatic symptomatology in children exposed to war

Vizek-Vidović

Kuterovac-Jagodić

Arambašić

2000

Scandinavian J Psychology

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This study examines affective and behavioral symptomatology in two groups of school-age children who were traumatized to different degrees during the war in Croatia (N = 1034). Six self-reported questionnaires were used to assess the following: number and type of war experiences, PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, psychosomatic symptoms, and psychosocial adaptation. Canonical discriminant analysis yielded a significant discriminant function that indicates moderate differentiation between the two groups of children according to the assessed symptoms. The results of a 2 x 2 x 2 ANOVAs (gender x age x level of traumatization) indicate that the children's reactions to war traumata varied in respect to all factors, as well as their interaction. The results indicate that gender differences are more prominent in older children. Older girls report more posttraumatic stress reactions, anxiety and depression, but at the same time seem better adapted than boys. Younger children, particularly those who survived more war even report more PTSD symptoms than older children.

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“…Identification of the constellation of symptoms associated with traumatic abuse is essential if treatment is to be effective (Hyman, Zelikoff, & Clarke, 1988). For example, a client, Pat (not her real name), a victim of repetitive, unpredictable physical and sexual abuse by several members of her family, had been in psychiatric treatment facilities for over seven years, yet had not been treated for the sequelae of sexual abuse.…”

Section: Issues In Residential Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%