Psychological and social adjustment of obese children and their families

Banis, Heather Tweddle; Varni, James W.; Wallander, Jan L.; Korsch, Barbara M.; Jay, Susan; Adler, Robert; Garciatemple, Erlinda; Negrete, Vida Francis

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1988.tb00572.x

Cited by 127 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Few studies have investigated the effect of being overweight on children's self-perception of physical competences (Banis et al, 1988;Phillips & Hill, 1998;Israel & Ivanova, 2002) and then only in general terms, as based on the Perceived Competence Scale for Children (PCSC) Questionnaire (Harter, 1982). No study, to our knowledge, has measured selfperceived physical competences in respect of specific components such as general health, coordination, strength, flexibility and endurance, and none has been carried out in Chinese children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Self-perception of physical competences in preadolescent overweight Chinese children

Sung

et al. 2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To compare self-perceptions of physical competences in overweight and in normal weight preadolescent Chinese children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Three primary schools and a university hospital in Hong Kong. Subjects: A total of 634 children, comprising 558 (462 normal weight, 96 overweight) aged 8-12 y randomly sampled from three primary schools, and 76 similar age overweight children recruited from the community for a diet and exercise intervention programme. Measurements: Height, weight and percentage body fat were measured. Self-perceptions of physical competences were determined by Physical Self-Descriptive Questionnaire (PSDQ). Corresponding actual physical competences were measured by physical fitness tests. Results: Overweight children perceived themselves to have significantly more body fat than normal weight children, with poorer appearance, sports competence, endurance, coordination, flexibility, overall physical self-concept and self-esteem, but to be no less healthy, no less physically active and no less strong. Overweight children performed less well than normal weight children in measures of endurance, coordination and flexibility but better in strength. Poor self-perception of physical competences appeared only partly related to deficiencies in actual physical competences. Conclusion: Overweight children have poorer self-perception of their physical competences but do not perceive themselves to be less strong, healthy or physically active than normal weight children. Exercise programmes for overweight children could be more effective if designed with the knowledge of these self-perceptions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Self-perception of physical competences in preadolescent overweight Chinese children

Sung

et al. 2004

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Alguns trabalhos mostram investigações realizadas em grandes amostras, relacionando obesidade com performance intelectual reduzida, em adultos jovens 9,10,20,21 . Entre as características psicológicas de crianças e adolescentes obesos são encontradas freqüentemente a imaturidade,a infantilização, a dependência, a passividade, a baixa auto-estima, a falta de iniciativa e a dificuldade de adiar gratificações 2,4,6,13,14 . Estas características podem determinar alterações importantes na dinâmica psicossocial da criança obesa, e modificar sua performance intelectual.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Quociente de inteligência de crianças e adolescentes obesos através da escala Wechsler

et al. 1996

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ResumoForam estudadas as características intelectuais de 65 crianças obesas, de 8 a 13 anos e 11 meses, comparativamente às de 35 crianças eutróficas, através da Escala de Inteligência Wechsler para Crianças. Os dois grupos foram pareados de acordo com a faixa etária, série escolar e nível socioeconômico. O grupo de obesos foi composto por pacientes atendidos pelo Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal São Paulo, e o grupo-controle, por crianças pertencentes a escolas públicas. O grupo de eutróficos apresentou significantemente melhor desempenho no teste de inteligência do que o grupo de obesos (Quociente de inteligência -QI médio -91 x 85; p < 0,05). Crianças eutróficas revelaram maior amplitude de interesses e capacidade de adaptação social e, melhor velocidade e destreza. Houve correlação positiva entre o nível de renda, a relação peso/estatura e o QI. Apesar de todos os resultados médios de QI apresentarem dados consistentemente favoráveis aos eutróficos, não se pode afirmar total superioridade desse grupo em virtude da ampla gama de fatores emocionais intervenientes no processo de inteligência, não controlados pelo estudo. Escala de Wechsler. Obesidade. AbstractThe intellectual characteristics of 65 obese children and adolescents (weight for height ≥ 140% ), aged 8 to 13 years and 11 months, were compared to those of 35 eutrophic children and adolescents (weight for height between 90 and 110%; and stature for age > 95%) of the same age group, utilizing the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children -WISC. Children and adolescents of the two groups were paired according to age groups, schooling level and socioeconomic condition. The obese group was composed of new patients assisted at the Department of Pediatrics of the Federal University of S. Paulo (Escola Paulista de Medicina), Brazil. The control group was made up of children from public primary schools, from the same geographical area as those studied. The eutrophic group presented significantly better performance in the intelligence test (Intelligence Quotient -IQ) than the obese group (average IQ -91 x 85; p < 0.05). Eutrophic children and adolescents revealed , 30 (1): 85-90, 1996 85 Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…20 However, Bruch described clinical case reports and only a few studies researched the family environment, probably because measuring family interactions is very difficult. Two studies 21,22 reported less cohesion and a nondemocratic parenting style in comparison to nonobese controls. According to the observations of Kinston et al, 23 the interactions in families with obese children are more hostile, and their parents openly reject them.…”

Section: Obese Children Have Learned Bad Habitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological profile to become and to stay obese

Braet

2005

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE:The presentation will successively deal with the psychological models to explain for the onset or maintenance of child obesity. DESIGN: Five psychological perspectives on childhood obesity are selected. The boundary model of Herman and Polivy (1980) was brought forward as an explanation model for understanding the overeating behaviour in obese people. Others describe obese children as over-responsive to external cues and this over-responsiveness is seen as a personality trait. Learning theories put forward how (dysfunctional) learning mechanisms can explain also why obese people eat in front of food cues, without feeling hungry. Finally, obesity can be seen as an expression of a family pathology or an emotional problem. CONCLUSIONS: Psychological explanation models are still subject of discussion. Personality variables, eating behaviour, restraint attitudes, psychopathlogy and emotional factors, learning mechanisms as well as the role of the family are to be considered in an assessment process. It may help to better empathize with both parent and child. Furthermore, it can help to tailor the treatment program to the individual needs of an obese child. Further research is needed to find out whether already during the intake psychological indicators can be found that are predictors of negative therapy outcome.

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Psychological and social adjustment of obese children and their families

Cited by 127 publications

References 21 publications

Self-perception of physical competences in preadolescent overweight Chinese children

Self-perception of physical competences in preadolescent overweight Chinese children

Quociente de inteligência de crianças e adolescentes obesos através da escala Wechsler

Psychological profile to become and to stay obese

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