Psychological determinants of job retention in multiple sclerosis

Ford, Helen; Wicks, Charlotte Rose; Stroud, Amanda; Tennant, Alan

doi:10.1177/1352458518754362

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…HRQoL also had an important impact on expected work retention in the present study. This could be explained by the concept of self-efficacy which might mediate the relationship between physical functioning (as an indicator of HRQoL) and work instability [61]. Self-efficacious people are more confident and have better disease management skills.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with employment and expected work retention among persons with multiple sclerosis: findings of a cross-sectional citizen science study

et al. 2020

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Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) notably affects adults of working age. For persons with MS (PwMS), being employed enhances their quality of life and it may be regarded as an indicator of overall functioning. Thus, ensuring work participation in PwMS is of general public health interest. Objective To examine relevant socio-demographic, MS-, health- and work-related factors, including psychosocial working conditions, associated with currently working PwMS in Switzerland and their expected work retention. Methods Using cross-sectional data of PwMS in the Swiss MS Registry (n = 541, median age = 48 [IQR 40;55]), multivariable logistic regression models were computed. First, currently working PwMS were characterised in comparison with those not currently working. Second, expected work retention, operationalized as subjective judgement “likely to work in the same job in 2 years”, was examined within the group of currently working PwMS. Results The factors age (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92–0.99), sex (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.13–0.60), highest achieved job position (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.01–1.46), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04) and the number of MS symptoms (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.98) were associated with currently working PwMS. Moreover, HRQoL (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.04–1.10) and psychosocial working conditions, such as job resources (e.g. autonomy, control or social support) (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.50–5.33) and job demands (e.g. workload, time pressure) (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.18–0.90) were important factors for expected work retention among this group. Conclusions Resourceful psychosocial working conditions are crucial for PwMS to maintain employment. Employers could contribute to work retention among PwMS by creating a work environment with resourceful psychosocial working conditions and providing, for instance, social support.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with employment and expected work retention among persons with multiple sclerosis: findings of a cross-sectional citizen science study

et al. 2020

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“… 78 It was further used in a 3-year longitudinal study aimed at assessing the psychological determinants of job retention. 79 Table 3 summarises all scales associated with occupational outcomes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational outcomes of people with multiple sclerosis: a scoping review

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo update the knowledge on the occupational outcomes associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), systematically examine the extent, scope and nature of the pre-existing literature and identify research gaps in the existing literature.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesA comprehensive database search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, SciVerse ScienceDirect and Web of Science was performed. There were no time limits.Eligibility criteriaWe included any peer-reviewed original article reporting the occupational outcomes of people with MS between the ages of 18 and 65 years. We excluded those off-topic and with insufficient information.MethodsThis review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for scoping review checklist. Screening, reading of full-texts and data extraction was performed in a standardised way by expert reviewers from 14 July 2021 to 31 October 2021. We provided a narrative synthesis and an overview of findings.ResultsThe initial systematic search yielded 104 228 results. After removing duplicates and applying the exclusion criteria, 403 articles were included in the review. In total, the studies evaluated 492 062 subjects with MS. One hundred fifty-four (38.2%) articles were published in the last 5 years, mostly from Europe and North America (50.9% and 33.0%, respectively). Concerning the occupational outcomes, studies mostly addressed unemployment (311, 77.2%), early retirement (120, 29.8%), disability pension (117, 29.0%), sick leave (77, 19.1%), the indirect cost of MS (74, 18.4%) and work characteristics (57, 14.1%). The results were categorised into seven subtopics: ‘Changes in work and occupational status due to MS’, ‘work-related socio-economic consequences of MS’, ‘risk factors for unfavourable occupational outcomes’, ‘reported barriers to employment’, ‘reported job accommodations and vocational rehabilitation strategies’, ‘job satisfaction, stigma, and disclosing the diagnosis in the workplace’ and ‘rating clinical scales’.ConclusionsThere are several issues that deserve further in-depth study by the scientific community in order to improve the occupational outcomes of people with MS.

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“…Focus groups were led by a Senior Research Nurse with a background in qualitative research and were conducted in the Neuropsychology Department at St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK. The original aim of the focus groups was to elicit a range of key psychological constructs that could be measured in order to develop an intervention to improve job retention with MS (Eng, Stroud, Tennant, Spilker, & Ford, 2014;Ford, Wicks, Stroud, & Tennant, 2018). Interviews were unstructured but used a topic guide in the form of eight keywords: work, coping, performance, support, future, expectations, and sharing symptoms.…”

Section: Data Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on the determinants of job retention in MS has focused on the impact of physical symptoms (Flensner, Landtblom, Söderhamn, & Ek, 2013; Smith & Arnett, 2005) and on the complex comorbidities of physical and psychosocial factors (Garfield & Lincoln, 2012). For example, Ford, Wicks, Stroud, and Tennant (2018) found self-efficacy had a mediating effect on the relationship between the physical symptoms of MS and job loss. This indicates a promising point for psychological intervention, which would be complemented by socially focused insights, given self-efficacy may be directly influenced by colleagues (Munir et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Managing the (In)visibility of Chronic Illness at Work: Dialogism, Parody, and Reported Speech

et al. 2019

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Interactionally, the workplace may be dilemmatic for a person with 'invisible' chronic illness. Risks of stigmatization exist if they disclose their condition to colleagues. Meanwhile, not disclosing threatens wellbeing and entitlements. Using Bakhtin's (1984) dialogism as a theoretical framework, we explored these social aspects of illness: inductively analyzing narratives from 20 participants with MS. Capitalizing on concepts from Dialogical and Conversation Analysis, links between (in)visibility, knowledge, and belief were examined with respect to symptoms and co-worker judgment. Perceived medical legitimacy creates a core social dilemma. At the intersection of genre and action, participants systematically used parody to subvert the traditional workplace hierarchy. 'Oh-prefaced' direct reported speech (OPDRS) was deployed to exaggerate workplace interactions, undermining managers/colleagues who misattributed (in)visible symptoms. Parodic OPDRS index emotive interactional dilemmas. As subversions of organizational power, OPDRS denote those very areas where employees feel disempowered. Sensitivity to OPDRS can provide diagnostic support and complement evaluation frameworks.

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Psychological determinants of job retention in multiple sclerosis

Abstract: Screening for work instability and self-efficacy in a clinical setting followed by appropriate interventions to increase self-efficacy and reduce work instability could aid job retention in MS.

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Factors associated with employment and expected work retention among persons with multiple sclerosis: findings of a cross-sectional citizen science study

Factors associated with employment and expected work retention among persons with multiple sclerosis: findings of a cross-sectional citizen science study

Occupational outcomes of people with multiple sclerosis: a scoping review

Managing the (In)visibility of Chronic Illness at Work: Dialogism, Parody, and Reported Speech

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