Psychological Distress and the Development of Hypertension Over 5 Years in Black South Africans

Schutte, Aletta E.; Ware, Lisa J.; Huisman, Hugo W.; Fourie, C.M.T.; Greeff, Minrie; Khumalo, Tumi; Wissing, Marié P.

doi:10.1111/jch.12455

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These rates coincide with previous findings in a study conducted by Kagee (2010) who found that the psychological distress experienced by South Africans living with hypertension and diabetes were similar. These findings were much lower than those reported in the South African nationally representative sample using a clinical interview for a diagnosis of a specific mental disorder, where 24.0 per cent of those individuals living with hypertension were found to have a mental disorder (Grimsrud et al, 2009) and in the study conducted with Black Africans where 23 per cent of respondents who developed hypertension reported psychological distress (Schutte et al, 2015). The prevalence of hypertension was similar among those who scored five or above on the AUDIT-C (indicating high risk alcohol use) and those who scored below five (low risk use).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…In a nationally representative study examining the relationship between mental health and the presence of hypertension in adults, results found that self-reported hypertension was associated with 12-month prevalence of anxiety disorders but not 12-month prevalence of depressive disorders (Grimsrud et al, 2009). A longitudinal study investigating the relationship between psychological distress, alcohol use and the onset of measured hypertension over a 5-year period among adult Black South Africans found that alcohol intake is associated with the onset of objectively measured hypertension, as did psychological distress independent of alcohol intake (Schutte et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The association between psychological distress, alcohol use and physical non-communicable diseases in a nationally representative sample of South Africans

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines the associations between symptoms of mental disorders and diabetes and hypertension in a nationally representative sample of South Africans. We examined unadjusted and adjusted associations of socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use and psychological distress with diabetes and hypertension. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that hypertension is significantly associated with age, while diabetes is significantly associated with age, population group and psychological distress. The association between psychological distress and diabetes found here suggests the usefulness of additional research using more detailed measures of psychiatric disorders in local studies and reinforces clinical calls for attention to psychiatric screening in patients with diabetes.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between psychological distress, alcohol use and physical non-communicable diseases in a nationally representative sample of South Africans

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An earlier study using the K6 observed higher rates of hypertension among individuals with psychological distress (39.2%) compared to those without (24.2%) [12]. Another longitudinal study of black South Africans, normotensive at baseline, showed that psychological distress was associated with twice the risk for future development of hypertension [24]. In a related cross-sectional study of hypertension across 9 countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine), Footman et al [25] found a significant association between psychological distress (measured using the 12-item distress component of the Living Conditions, Lifestyles and Health Project) and hypertension with an odds ratio of 2.27 (95% CI 1.91-2.70).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress and Hypertension: Results from the National Health Interview Survey for 2004-2013

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Psychological conditions are increasingly linked with cardiovascular disorders. We aimed to examine the association between psychological distress and hypertension. Methods: We used data from the National Health Interview Survey for 2004-2013. Hypertension was self-reported and the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale was used to assess psychological distress (a score ≥13 indicated distress). We used a logistic regression model to test the assumption that hypertension was associated with psychological distress. Results: Among the study participants completing the survey (n = 288,784), 51% were female; the overall mean age (±SEM) was 35.3 ± 0.02 years and the mean body mass index was 27.5 ± 0.01. In the entire sample, the prevalence of psychological distress was 3.2%. The adjusted odds of reporting hypertension in psychologically distressed individuals was 1.53 (95% CI = 1.31-1.80, p = 0.01). Conclusion: The findings suggest that psychological distress is associated with higher odds of hypertension after adjusting for other risk factors for high blood pressure. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms by which stress increases hypertension risk.

show abstract

“…More longitudinal studies of the frequency and risk factors of hypertension are needed in SSA to understand trends and clarify the relative contributions of the various environmental and genetic factors (as well as the gene‐environment interaction). Areas still unexplored include factors such as stress that may be becoming much more of a problem with urbanization in SSA …”

Section: The Importance Of Lifestyle or Behavioral And Lifestyles Facmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Areas still unexplored include factors such as stress that may be becoming much more of a problem with urbanization in SSA. 24…”

Section: The Importance Of Lifestyle or Behavioral And Lifestyles Facmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Blood Pressure in Sub‐Saharan Africa: The Urgent Imperative for Prevention and Control

Echouffo‐Tcheugui

Kengne

Erqou

et al. 2015

J of Clinical Hypertension

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Higher-than-optimal blood pressure (BP), along with tobacco use and dyslipidemia, is one of the three most important modifiable risk factors for CVD. For more than 2 decades, studies have indicated an escalating pattern of hypertension in SSA. 1,2 Estimates indicate unacceptably high rates of undiagnosed and poorly controlled disease in SSA, in spite of substantially enhanced knowledge on pharmacologic and lifestyle interventions for controlling BP. The reasons for the escalating burden of hypertension in SSA are yet fully elucidated; however, important drivers include rapid urbanization, adoption of unhealthy eating habits, and sedentary lifestyles. Addressing hypertension in SSA requires multipronged interventions to achieve better prevention, detection, and control of the condition.In this article, we discuss the urgency of prevention as a priority for hypertension control, as well as possible strategies to be employed to initiate health service and community-based actions toward the prevention of hypertension in SSA. THE DEVASTATING HUMAN AND ECONOMIC BURDEN OF HYPERTENSION IN SSAHigh BP is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally, 1,2 and significantly affects countries within SSA. Between 1990 and 2010, the prevalence of hypertension in SSA increased by 67%, and hypertension was responsible for more than 500,000 deaths and 10 million years of life lost in 2010 in the region.2 This is at variance with many other countries worldwide where absolute BP levels and prevalence of hypertension may be decreasing. 2 The prevalence of hypertension in some SSA countries are among the world's highest. A recent review showed that hypertension prevalence varies between 15% and 70%, with an average of 30%, among SSA countries.3 Furthermore, between 44% and 93% of people with hypertension in SSA are unaware of their hypertensive status.3 The extent of the adverse effects of hypertension on the health and lives of populations within SSA remains largely unexplored. Extrapolations from studies among African descents in the diaspora suggest that the outcomes of hypertension among populations in SSA are likely devastating.Indeed, the few studies conducted among SSA populations indicate that up to 42% of cases of ischemic heart disease (IHD) are related to hypertension, 4 that hypertension increases the risk of stroke by at least five-fold, 5 and that a third of heart failure cases in SSA are caused by hypertension. 6 Other potential consequences of elevated BP in SSA that are becoming increasingly common are chronic kidney disease, 7 adverse pregnancy outcomes, 8 and vascular dementia. 9 The likelihood of these poor outcomes is heightened by the low uptake of treatments for hypertension in SSA. Only about 18% of individuals with hypertension in SSA receive any treatment for hypertension, with only about 7% achieving target BP control levels. 3Treating hypertension is expensive, imposing a huge economic burden on individuals and national healthcare systems in SSA, mainly because of the costs associated with con...

show abstract

Psychological Distress and the Development of Hypertension Over 5 Years in Black South Africans

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

The association between psychological distress, alcohol use and physical non-communicable diseases in a nationally representative sample of South Africans

The association between psychological distress, alcohol use and physical non-communicable diseases in a nationally representative sample of South Africans

Psychological Distress and Hypertension: Results from the National Health Interview Survey for 2004-2013

High Blood Pressure in Sub‐Saharan Africa: The Urgent Imperative for Prevention and Control

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About