Psychological distress by age at migration and duration of residence in Sweden

Honkaniemi, Helena; Juárez, Sol; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Rostila, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112869

Cited by 34 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Moreover, fewer 20-year olds whose parents were born abroad and fewer men than women chose to take part in the 20-year follow-up. Since immigration status often is associated with lower SES [ 31 ], the skewed drop-out could have an impact on the results. However, parental immigration status was not found to be strongly associated with the outcomes measured in the present study.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and academic performance: a study on selection and causation effects from childhood to early adulthood

Agnafors

Barmark

Sydsjö

2020

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

131

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Purpose An inverse relationship between mental health and academic achievement is a well-known phenomenon in the scientific literature. However, how and when this association develops is not fully understood and there is a lack of longitudinal, population-based studies on young children. Early intervention is important if associations are to be found already during childhood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the development of the association between mental health and academic performance during different developmental periods of childhood and adolescence. Methods Data from a longitudinal birth cohort study of 1700 children were used. Child mental health was assessed through mother's reports at age 3, and self-reports at age 12 and 20. Academic performance was assessed through teacher reports on educational results at age 12 and final grades from compulsory school (age 15-16) and upper secondary school (age 18-19). The association between mental health and academic performance was assessed through regression models. Results The results indicate that social selection mechanisms are present in all three periods studied. Behavioral and emotional problems at age 3 were associated with performing below grade at age 12. Similarly, mental health problems at age 12 were associated with lack of complete final grades from compulsory school and non-eligibility to higher education. Academic performance at ages 15 and 19 did not increase the risk for mental health problems at age 20. Conclusion Mental health problems in early childhood and adolescence increase the risk for poor academic performance, indicating the need for awareness and treatment to provide fair opportunities to education.

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Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and academic performance: a study on selection and causation effects from childhood to early adulthood

Agnafors

Barmark

Sydsjö

2020

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

131

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“…Country of birth (UK and Ireland) versus elsewhere was also included, given its influence on cultural practices. 14 We also included several variables which could reflect potential confounding or mediation. Participants were asked about the title of their current or most recent job at baseline and these were converted to the Standard Occupational Classification (SOC 2000) by UK Biobank.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective cohort study using UK Biobank

O’Donnell

Jani

Demou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Understanding of the role of ethnicity and socioeconomic position in the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. We investigated this in the UK Biobank study. Methods The UK Biobank study recruited 40-70 year olds in 2006-2010 from the general population, collecting information about self-defined ethnicity and socioeconomic variables (including area-level socioeconomic deprivation and educational attainment). SARS-CoV-2 test results from Public Health England were linked to baseline UK Biobank data. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to assess risk ratios (RRs) between the exposures and dichotomous variables for: being tested, having a positive test and testing positive in hospital. We also investigated whether ethnicity and socioeconomic position were associated with having a positive test amongst those tested. We adjusted for covariates including age, sex, social variables (including healthcare work and household size), behavioural risk factors and baseline health. Results Among 428,225 participants in England, 1,474 had been tested and 669 tested positive between 16 March and 13 April 2020. Black, south Asian and white Irish people were more likely to have confirmed infection (RR 4.01 (95%CI 2.92-5.12); RR 2.11 (95%CI 1.43-3.10); and RR 1.60 (95% CI 1.08-2.38) respectively) and were more likely to be hospital cases compared to the White British. While they were more likely to be tested, they were also more likely to test positive. Adjustment for baseline health and behavioural risk factors led to little change, with only modest attenuation when accounting for socioeconomic variables. Socioeconomic deprivation and having no qualifications were consistently associated with a higher risk of confirmed infection (RR 2.26 (95%CI 1.76-2.90); and RR 1.91 (95%CI 1.53-2.38) respectively). Conclusions Some minority ethnic groups have a higher risk of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK Biobank study which was not accounted for by differences in socioeconomic conditions, measured baseline health or behavioural risk factors. An urgent response to addressing these elevated risks is required.

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“…Age group (5-year age bands), sex and assessment centre were included as potential confounding variables in all statistical models. Country of birth (UK and Ireland) versus elsewhere was also included, given its influence on cultural practices [16]. We also included several variables which could reflect potential confounding or mediation.…”

Section: Potential Confounders and Mediatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective cohort study using UK Biobank

Niedzwiedz

O’Donnell

Jani

et al. 2020

BMC Med

371

349

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Background: Understanding of the role of ethnicity and socioeconomic position in the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. We investigated this in the UK Biobank study. Methods: The UK Biobank study recruited 40-70-year-olds in 2006-2010 from the general population, collecting information about self-defined ethnicity and socioeconomic variables (including area-level socioeconomic deprivation and educational attainment). SARS-CoV-2 test results from Public Health England were linked to baseline UK Biobank data. Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used to assess risk ratios (RRs) between the exposures and dichotomous variables for being tested, having a positive test and testing positive in hospital. We also investigated whether ethnicity and socioeconomic position were associated with having a positive test amongst those tested. We adjusted for covariates including age, sex, social variables (including healthcare work and household size), behavioural risk factors and baseline health. Results: Amongst 392,116 participants in England, 2658 had been tested for SARS-CoV-2 and 948 tested positive (726 in hospital) between 16 March and 3 May 2020. Black and south Asian groups were more likely to test positive (RR 3.35 (95% CI 2.48-4.53) and RR 2.42 (95% CI 1.75-3.36) respectively), with Pakistani ethnicity at highest risk within the south Asian group (RR 3.24 (95% CI 1.73-6.07)). These ethnic groups were more likely to be hospital cases compared to the white British. Adjustment for baseline health and behavioural risk factors led to little change, with only modest attenuation when accounting for socioeconomic variables. Socioeconomic deprivation and having no qualifications were consistently associated with a higher risk of confirmed infection (RR 2.19 for most deprived quartile vs least (95% CI 1.80-2.66) and RR 2.00 for no qualifications vs degree (95% CI 1.66-2.42)). Conclusions: Some minority ethnic groups have a higher risk of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK Biobank study, which was not accounted for by differences in socioeconomic conditions, baseline self-reported health or behavioural risk factors. An urgent response to addressing these elevated risks is required.

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Psychological distress by age at migration and duration of residence in Sweden

Cited by 34 publications

References 62 publications

Mental health and academic performance: a study on selection and causation effects from childhood to early adulthood

Mental health and academic performance: a study on selection and causation effects from childhood to early adulthood

Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective cohort study using UK Biobank

Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection: prospective cohort study using UK Biobank

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