Psychological distress, drug and alcohol use as correlates of condom use in HIV-serodiscordant heterosexual couples

Kennedy, Cheryl A.; Skurnick, Joan; Wan, Jim Y.; Quattrone, Gloria; Sheffet, Alice J.; Quinones, Mark A.; Wang, Whedy; Louria, Donald B.

doi:10.1097/00002030-199311000-00014

Cited by 83 publications

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“…As we shall see later, many authors suggest that the relationship between psychosocial factors and the pro gression of HIV disease may also be mediated by behav ioral factors such as sexual habits and health practices, including use of psychotropic substances [222][223][224][225][226].…”

Section: Latent Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Stress, Neuroimmunomodulation, and Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases in Animals and Man: A Review

Biondi

Zannino

1997

Psychother Psychosom

203

123

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This article reviews research on the role of psychological stress, personality, social support and other psychosocial factors in bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. After 100 years of research on man and animals, psychological stress is considered as a potential cofactor in the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Psychological stress seems able to alter the susceptibility of animals and man to infectious agents, influencing the onset, course and outcome of certain infectious pathologies. Many experiments have identified in neuroimmunomodulation the principal mediator of the alterations associated with conditions of stress. The development of psychoneuroimmunology has fostered in-depth study of the complex relationship between psychosocial factors, the central nervous system, the immune system and infectious disease. Although antimicrobial drugs have certainly remained the basis of all anti-infective therapy, this type of study has already led some authors to propose and experiment protocols of psychological intervention or psychoimmunotherapy in pathologies such as tuberculosis, or herpes simplex virus or human immunodeficiency virus infections. The psychoneuroimmunological approach to infectious diseases will probably grow in importance in the future not only in the setting of research in psychosomatic medicine but also in that of clinical microbiology.

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Section: Latent Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Stress, Neuroimmunomodulation, and Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases in Animals and Man: A Review

Biondi

Zannino

1997

Psychother Psychosom

203

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For example, while one study reported increased risky sexual behaviour in HIV-positive patients who were married and in long-term relationships 9 , another study found that unprotected sexual intercourse was more frequent in unmarried individuals, those in casual relationships, and where partners were ignorant of each other's serological status. 12 In one study 11 , 14% of male and 7% of female HIV-positive couples did not use a condom in their last sexual encounter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Disclosure of HIV Serostatus in Recently Diagnosed Patients with HIV in South Africa

Olley¹,

Seedat²,

Stein³

2004

African Journal of Reproductive Health

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Failure of people living with HIV/AIDS to disclose their HIV serostatus can place their sexual partners at risk. The current study examined HIV serostatus disclosure and its relationship to risky sexual behaviours in 69 sexually active, heterosexual, married (62%) or cohabiting (38%) patients recently diagnosed as HIV positive. Results show that 78% had not disclosed their HIV serostatus to their sexual partners and 46% had no knowledge of their sexual partner's serostatus. Compared to those who disclosed their serostatus, those who did not disclose were more likely to be male (x 2 = 7.02, p = 0.00), to have not used a condom during their last sexual encounter (x 2 = 29.64, p = 0.000), to have used alcohol heavily before sex (x 2 = 6.79, p = 0.00), to have multiple sexual partners (t = 3.01, p = 0.05), and to have engaged more frequently in sexual intercourse in the six months preceding the study (t = 8.21, p = 0.00). Logistic regression analysis show that being in a married relationship (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.65, 1.15), being male (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 0.24, 1.99), having more than two multiple partners (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.11, 3.68) and non-use of condom at last sex (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.83, 1.88) were significantly associated with non-disclosure of HIV serostatus. Preventive strategies among HIVpositive patients should place emphasis on the management of self-disclosure and its importance in safe sexual behaviour. (Afr J Reprod Health 2004; 8[2]: 71-76)Key Words: Self disclosure, hetrosexual couple, HIV/AIDS patients Résumé Auto-révélation de la situation sérologique du VIH chez les patients récemment diagnostiqués comme ayant le VIH en Afrique du Sud. L'nicapacité des gens vivant avec la VIH/SIDA de révéler leur situation sérologique du VIH peut mettre leurs partenaires sexuels en péril. Cette présente étude a examiné la révélation de la situation sérologique et son rapport avec le comportement sexuel à risque chez 69 patients sexuellement actifs, hétérosexuels, mariés (62%) ou qui co-habitent (38%) récemment diagnostiqués comme étant VIH positifs. Les résultats ont montré que 78% n'ont pas révélé leur situation sérologique du VIH à leurs partenaires. Par rapport à ceux qui ont révélé leur situation sérologique, ceux qui ne l'ont pas avaient plus la possibilité d'étre des mâles (x 2 = 7,02, p = 0,00), de ne pas avoir utilisé un préservatif au cours de leur dernier rapport sexuel (x 2 = 29,64, p = 0,00), d'avoir bu trop d'alcool avant d'avoir un rapport sexuel (x 2 = 6,79, p = 0,00), d'avoir des partenaires sexuels multiples (t = 3,01, p = 0,05) et d'être engagés plus fréquemment dans des rapports sexuels dans les six mois qui ont piécédé l'étude (t = 8,21, p = 0,00). L'analyse de la regression logistique a montré qu'étant dans un rapport conjugal (OR = 0,86, 95% CI = 0,24, 0, 99), ayant plus de deux partenaires multiples (OR = 1,53, 95% CI = 0,31, 0,88) ont été liés de manière significative à l'incapacité de révéler la situation rérologique du VIH. Les stratégies préventives chez les patients sérop...

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“…For example, frequency of continued high-risk sexual behavior is correlated with depression, anxiety, anger, hostility, and propensity to blame being HIV+ on others, 20,21 and behavioral coping strategies are less effective among PLH who engage in transmission acts compared to nonrisky PLH. [22][23][24] Consequently, examining how HAART has influenced the mental health of PLH has implications for reducing transmission risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Behaviors of Youth Living With HIV: Pre- and Post-HAART

Lightfoot¹,

Swendeman²,

Mj³

et al. 2005

am j health behav

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Objective-To examine the transmission behavior among youth living with HIV (YLH), pre-and post-HAART.Methods-Two cohorts were recruited: (1) 349 YLH during 1994 to 1996 and (2) 175 YLH during 1999 to 2000, after the wide availability of HAART. Differences in sexual and substance-use risk acts and quality of life were examined.Results-Post-HAART YLH were more likely to engage in unprotected sex and substance use, to be more emotionally distressed, and to have lower quality of life than were pre-HAART YLH.Conclusions-Targeted interventions for YLH that address reductions in transmission acts and aim to improve quality of life are still needed. KeywordsHAART; HIV/AIDS; youth with HIV; substance use; sexual risk behaviors HIV infection among adolescents and young adults continues to be a significant and growing problem. It is estimated that half of HIV infections worldwide and one quarter of infections in the United States were acquired in adolescence. [1][2][3] By 2002, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 31,000 cases of AIDS and, among states reporting, an additional 23,000 HIV infections among 13-to 24-year-olds. 4 The actual number of youth living with HIV (YLH) in the United States is likely to be much larger than these reports because of variable reporting procedures and limited early detection of HIV, particularly among youth. 5 Other estimates of the number of YLH in the United States range between 110,000 and 250,000. 6,7 Some subpopulations of youth are at higher relative risk for HIV infections than are other groups, particularly young gay or bisexual men as well as African American and Latino youth. 8 Thus, youth at greatest risk for HIV infection are also those who are likely to be disenfranchised and stigmatized. 9Address correspondence to Dr Lightfoot, 10920 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 350, Los Angeles, CA 90024-6521. mal@ucla.edu. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptAm J Health Behav. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2010 March 22. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptSignificant improvements in HIV treatment have occurred over the past 8 years with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). For example, the reduction of vertical transmission in response to HAART has been demonstrated, 10-12 lower viral loads have been linked to reduced probability of transmission, 13,14 and increasing numbers of persons on combination drug therapies are reporting "undetectable viral loads." 15 Although revolutionary in enhancing care options, HAART has also created new challenges in HIV primary and secondary prevention. HAART provides persons living with HIV (PLH) with a longer lifespan, resulting in more time and opportunities for transmission of HIV to occur. Simultaneously, evidence suggests that many PLH believe that sexual behaviors that could lead to transmission of HIV (ie, unprotected sex) are less risky if viral load is suppressed and the probability of transmission is lower. 16 There is also evidence that transmission behaviors have increased among PLH since the introduct...

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Psychological distress, drug and alcohol use as correlates of condom use in HIV-serodiscordant heterosexual couples

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Psychological Stress, Neuroimmunomodulation, and Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases in Animals and Man: A Review

Psychological Stress, Neuroimmunomodulation, and Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases in Animals and Man: A Review

Self-Disclosure of HIV Serostatus in Recently Diagnosed Patients with HIV in South Africa

Risk Behaviors of Youth Living With HIV: Pre- and Post-HAART

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