Psychological Effects and Metabolism of N,N-diethyltryptamine in Man

Szara, Stephen; Rockland, Lawrence H.; Rosenthal, David; Handlon, Joseph H.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1966.01730150096014

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Given reports of the hallucinogenic activity of DMT (Strassman et al 1996; Strassman et al 1994; Szara et al 1966), it is not surprising that DMT can produce a discriminative stimulus and that DMT shares its discriminative stimulus effects with other hallucinogens such as DOM, and to a lesser extent, LSD and MDMA. Indeed, DMT shares discriminative stimulus effects with a number of hallucinogens, including psilocin, 5-methoxy-DMT, and DOI (Glennon et al 1980; Smith et al 1998; Winter et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subjective effects of DMT in human subjects have been described (Strassman et al 1996; Strassman et al 1994; Szara et al 1966); however, the discriminative stimulus effects of DMT have not been extensively studied. DMT has not been trained as a discriminative stimulus, but has been tested for substitution in rats trained to discriminate other hallucinogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of the discriminative stimulus effects of dimethyltryptamine with different classes of psychoactive compounds in rats

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale-There has been increased recreational use of dimethyltryptamine (DMT), but little is known of its discriminative stimulus effects.Objectives-The present study assessed the similarity of the discriminative stimulus effects of DMT to other types of hallucinogens and to psychostimulants.Methods-Rats were trained to discriminate DMT from saline. To test the similarity of DMT to known hallucinogens, the ability of (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), (−)-2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), (+)-methamphetamine, or (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (MDMA) to substitute in DMT-trained rats was tested. The ability of DMT to substitute in rats trained to discriminate each of these compounds was also tested. To assess the degree of similarity in discriminative stimulus effects, each of the compounds was tested for substitution in all of the other training groups.Results-LSD, DOM, and MDMA all fully substituted in DMT-trained rats, whereas DMT fully substituted only in DOM-trained rats. Full cross-substitution occurred between DMT and DOM, LSD and DOM, and (+)-methamphetamine and MDMA. MDMA fully substituted for (+)-methamphetamine, DOM, and DMT, but only partially for LSD. In MDMA-trained rats, LSD and (+)-methamphetamine fully substituted, whereas DMT and DOM did not fully substitute. No crosssubstitution was evident between (+)-methamphetamine and DMT, LSD, or DOM.Conclusions-DMT produces discriminative stimulus effects most similar to those of DOM, with some similarity to the discriminative stimulus effects of LSD and MDMA. Like DOM and LSD, DMT seems to produce predominately hallucinogenic-like discriminative stimulus effects and minimal psychostimulant effects, in contrast to MDMA which produced hallucinogen-and psychostimulant-like effects.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the discriminative stimulus effects of dimethyltryptamine with different classes of psychoactive compounds in rats

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The possibility of increased rates of 6-hydroxyskatole excretion in schizophrenia has commanded attention particularly in view of the work of Szara (416,417), who found that 6-hydroxylation of dimethyl-or diethyltryptamine enhances the psychotropic effects of these compounds and suggested that their psychotropic activity is dependent on the formation of the 6-hydroxylated metabolite which, it may be noted, might be further metabolized to the highly hallucinogenic drugs harmaline and harmine by ring closure and O-methylation.…”

Section: P 68-69)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biochemistry of the Functional Psychoses

Weil‐Malherbe

1967

Advances in Enzymology - And Related Areas of Molecular Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The pioneering research in the area of study of this interesting and theoret ically important group of substances was done by Szara (12)(13)(14)16), Szara et al (15) and Vourlekis et al (17). Pursuing research in the direction outlined by the adrenaline hypothesis of schizophrenia as formulated by Osmond, Hoffer and Smythies, Szara focused his attention on alkylated tryptamine derivatives and the metabolism of tryptophane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He became first interested in the possibility of hallucinogenic action of alkylated tryptamine derivatives in 1955, after learning about the chemical analysis of cohoba, a snuff powder prepared from Piptadenia peregrina seeds, which the Haitian natives use in religious ceremonies to produce mystical states of mind and to communicate with their gods. From a total of 13 tryptamine derivatives synthesized by Szara and tested clinically, only dimethyltryptamine (DMT), diethyltryptamine (DET) and dipropyltryptamine (DPT) proved to have hallucinogenic properties in experimental subjects (3,15,16). Other closely related derivatives, such as dibutyl-, dihexyl-and 6-fluoro-DET were not hallucinogenic (4,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DPT as an Adjunct in Psychotherapy of Alcoholics

Grof¹,

Ra²,

Wa³

et al. 1973

Int Pharmacopsychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The usefulness of dipropyltryptamine (DPT) as an adjunct to psychedelic therapy was explored in a pilot study carried out on 51 alcoholic patients from the Alcoholic Rehabilitation Unit at Spring Grove State Hospital. The evaluation of the results was based on the comparison of pre- and posttreatment results of a battery of psychological tests and of pretreatment and follow-up ratings of an independent team of social workers. The psychological tests involved the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI), Personal orientation inventory (POI), Raven progressive matrices, Psychiatric evaluation profile (PEP), and Benton visual retention test. The social history questionnaire used by the social workers for assessment of the patients’ adjustment consisted of 0-10-point scales measuring residential, occupational and interpersonal adjustment, abstinence, and global adjustment.

show abstract

Psychological Effects and Metabolism of N,N-diethyltryptamine in Man

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Comparison of the discriminative stimulus effects of dimethyltryptamine with different classes of psychoactive compounds in rats

Comparison of the discriminative stimulus effects of dimethyltryptamine with different classes of psychoactive compounds in rats

The Biochemistry of the Functional Psychoses

DPT as an Adjunct in Psychotherapy of Alcoholics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About