Psychological effects of diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review

Abstract

The studies suggested that CIN diagnosis and treatment have a negative psychological impact. However, this conclusion should be viewed in the context of a paucity of rigorously designed studies.

Cervical screening program and the psychological impact of an abnormal Pap smear: a self-assessment questionnaire study of 590 patients

“…These results are in line with other studies that report that anxiety is common in patients with abnormal test results and can exceed a period of 6-34 months after Pap smear test has been taken [2,11,16]. Abnormal test results are associated with a negative psychological impact, lead to a psychological burden and cause a highly distressing condition [10,17,29]. Some patients associate an abnormal Pap smear with an early Data from questions 10, 12, 13, 15 * Scale from 1 to 10, where 1 is no effect and 10 is severely affected ** Scale from 1 to 10, where 1 is not at all informed and 10 is very well informed *** Multiple responses possible **** Two responses possible Arch Gynecol Obstet stage of cervical cancer [23] and therefore the severity of anxiety seems to be dependent from knowledge about the disease [17,20].…”

Spontaneous regression of CIN2 in women aged 18–24 years: a retrospective study of a state‐wide population in Western Australia

“…Potential sequelae of conization and LEEP include not only the physical and psychological but also adverse obstetric outcomes such as second trimester miscarriage and early pre‐term delivery . Epidemiological data suggest that these risks correlate with depth of excision and are more frequent following conization .…”

Cervical Cancer Screening Among Arab Women in the United States: An Integrative Review

“…However, death rates (2.3 per 100,000) have not changed significantly from 2002–2012, and racial and ethnic minorities experience disproportionately greater mortality (4 per 100,000 for Black women; 3.5 per 100,000 for American Indian or Alaska Native women; 2.7 per 100,000 for Hispanic women) (Howlader et al, 2015). In addition, cervical cancer survivors have reported poor quality of life because of side effects related to the disease and its treatment (including sexual, urinary, and psychological effects); many have also experienced pregnancy complications (Frederiksen, Njor, Lynge, & Rebolj, 2015; Kyrgiou et al, 2006; Pfaendler, Wenzel, Mechanic, & Penner, 2015; Vermeer, Bakker, Kenter, Stiggelbout, & ter Kuile, 2015; White, 2015). …”