Psychological Factors in Dental Patient Care: Odontophobia

Fernández

et al. 2020

JCM

Background: Dental treatments often cause pain and anxiety in patients. Virtual reality (VR) is a novel procedure that can provide distraction during dental procedures or prepare patients to receive such type of treatments. This meta-analysis is the first to gather evidence on the effectiveness of VR on the reduction of pain (P) and dental anxiety (DA) in patients undergoing dental treatment, regardless of age. Methods: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, PubMed, EMBASE, Wiley Library and Web of Science were searched for scientific articles in November 2019. The keywords used were: “virtual reality”, “distraction systems”, “dental anxiety” and “pain”. Studies where VR was used for children and adults as a measure against anxiety and pain during dental treatments were included. VR was defined as a three-dimensional environment that provides patients with a sense of immersion, transporting them to appealing and interactive settings. Anxiety and pain results were assessed during dental treatments where VR was used, and in standard care situations. Results: 31 studies were identified, of which 14 met the inclusion criteria. Pain levels were evaluated in four studies (n = 4), anxiety levels in three (n = 3) and anxiety and pain together in seven (n = 7). Our meta-analysis was based on ten studies (n = 10). The effect of VR was studied mainly in the pediatric population (for pain SMD = −0.82). In the adult population, only two studies (not significant) were considered. Conclusions: The findings of the meta-analysis show that VR is an effective distraction method to reduce pain and anxiety in patients undergoing a variety of dental treatments; however, further research on VR as a tool to prepare patients for dental treatment is required because of the scarcity of studies in this area.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Use of Virtual Reality for the Management of Anxiety and Pain in Dental Treatments: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Fernández

et al. 2020

JCM

“…The probability of a psychosomatic response to an alarming factor in the environment is very high. This can result in frequent colds, gastrointestinal disorders and cardiovascular dysfunction, headaches, odontophobia and allergic reactions after or before stressful situations [19,22,23]. The results of the analysis of the MACA questionnaire indicate that, after the conducted therapeutic efforts, schoolchildren of group III increased their adaptability to stressful situations, decreased fatigue, irritability, improved sleep and appetite, and the body's performance in general (p < 0.05-p < 0.01).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Various Types of Psychological Correction of Anxiety in Primary School

Bartosh

2019

Behavioral Sciences

At various stages of the development and education of children, there are psychoemotional difficulties that create prerequisites for impairment of the development of the child’s personality. The timely detection of difficulties in schoolchildren and therapeutic efforts are important for the formation of a psychologically healthy personality. The study of the effectiveness of various remedial techniques for childhood anxiety has therefore become theoretically and practically significant. The purpose of our study is to determine the effectiveness of various types of such therapeutic efforts: social and psychological training, a method of biological feedback, and Sandplay for the indicators of childhood anxiety among younger schoolchildren. The study was conducted in the school of Magadan, northeast of Russia (9–10-year-old students, n = 43). We used a standardized method of Multidimensional Assessment of Child Anxiety which included 10 scales. The following therapeutic efforts were used: sociopsychological training (SPT), biofeedback method (BFB), individual and group Sandplay. Students of group I (n = 12) participated only in the SPT. Students of group II (n = 11) participated in the SPT and underwent a course of training in self-regulation using the BFB method. In therapy work with the students of group III (n = 20), the SPT, BFB, individual and group Sandplay were used. In group I, after the therapy sessions, a significant decrease in anxiety was observed in 3 of 10 scales (2, 6, 7; p < 0.05). In group II, it was seen in 5 scales (1, 3, 6, 7, 8; p < 0.05). In group III, significant improvements took place in 7 scales (1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10; p < 0.01–p < 0.05). The present study has shown the different efficacy of applying the remedial techniques separately and in combination. The use of the therapy methods, in the complex, enhances the impact on the types of child anxiety.

“…Medications used for fibromyalgia that may be beneficial for masticatory muscle pain according to De Rossi et al [22]. There are several syndromes and diseases which, due to their characteristics, can be similar to fibromyalgia as symptoms, and which will be excluded, even though they may be concomitant; among them, there are mainly: Sjögren syndrome, due to the low nuclear antibodies contained, multiple sclerosis, other systemic neurological syndromes, arthritis and arthrosis [37,39,[58][59][60][61][62][63]. Due to the impossibility of formulating a diagnosis based on medical evidence, and especially considering the equivocal nature of fibromyalgia, there is no universally adopted therapy whose efficacy is scientifically proven, different drugs are used [59], such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), cannabinoids, and muscle relaxants.…”

Section: Summary Of Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Health and Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systemic Review

Stefano

Bruno

Muscatello

et al. 2020

JFMK

Self Cite

Fibromyalgia is a syndrome currently considered idiopathic and multifactorial rheumatic that causes an increase in muscle tension and is characterized by muscle pain and chronic fibrous tissues—widespread, fluctuating and migrating—associated with stiffness, asthenia, cognitive disorders, insomnia or sleep disorders, alterations in sensitivity to stimuli. In affected patients, there may be anxiety or depressive disorder development. The aim of this study is, with the help of an interdisciplinary team, to evaluate the correlations between this syndrome and oral health. A literature review was conducted, analyzing the most common scientific databases, more than 200 studies were obtained. Subsequently to the application of filters and revision by the authors, only 18 articles were considered eligible for this review. From the results, it is clear that the correlations between fibromyalgia and oral health mainly concern pain in the oro-maxillofacial district, especially in the temporomandibular joint. This certainly could help for faster diagnosis of the syndrome, which is currently difficult to identify.