Psychological factors predicting outcome after traumatic injury: the role of resilience

Rainey, Evan Elizabeth; Petrey, Laura B.; Reynolds, Megan; Agtarap, Stephanie; Warren, Ann Marie

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2014.05.016

Cited by 51 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Data from this study were part of a prospective longitudinal study of patients in an urban Level I trauma center in the Southwest United States (Agtarap, Scott, Warren, & Trost, ; Powers et al., ; Rainey et al., ; Roden‐Foreman et al., ; Trost et al., ; Warren et al., ; Warren et al., ; Warren, Jones, et al., ; Warren, Reynolds, et al., ). Participants were patients 18 years of age and older who were admitted to the trauma service for at least 24 hours with a traumatic injury, as defined by International Classification of Diseases 9th revision coding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We administered the 10‐Item Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale (CD‐RISC; Connor & Davidson, ) at baseline to measure patients’ resilience. The CD‐RISC has sound psychometric properties (Campbell‐Sills & Stein, ) and has been used in populations that have sustained traumatic injuries (Rainey et al., ; White, Driver, & Warren, ). The scale has been developed and tested as a measure of degree of resilience; as a predictor of outcome to treatment with medication or psychotherapy, stress management, and resilience‐building; as a marker of progress during treatment; and as a marker of biological (i.e., physical) changes in the brain (see CD‐RISC Frequently Asked Questions at retrieved from https://www.cd-risc.com/faq.php).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We administered the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor & Davidson, 2003) at baseline to measure patients' resilience. The CD-RISC has sound psychometric properties (Campbell-Sills & Stein, 2007) and has been used in populations that have sustained traumatic injuries (Rainey et al, 2014;White, Driver, & Warren, 2010).…”

Section: Psychological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the typical benchmark for successful care in these settings has been patient survival, there is a recent increase in awareness of psychosocial issues that extend beyond the hospital stay and continue to impact patients’ quality of life after injury (Rainey, Petrey, Reynolds, Agtarap, & Warren, ; Warren et al., ; Zatzick et al., ). The experience of a traumatic injury or serious illness can be challenging to recover from both physically and psychologically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic growth in a heterogeneous sample of traumatically injured patients 1 year postinjury

et al. 2017

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic growth in a heterogeneous sample of traumatically injured patients 1 year postinjury

et al. 2017

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“…Among post‐traumatic sequelae, depression and PTSD are the two most common mental health conditions (Ying, Wu, Lin, & Jiang, ). In several correlational studies examining trauma exposure and psychological sequelae, resilience has been negatively associated with depressive symptoms (Kukihara, Yamawaki, Uchiyama, Arai, & Horikawa, ; Rainey, Petrey, Reynolds, Agtarap, & Warren, ; Schulz et al, ; Seok et al, ; Spies & Seedat, ; Ying et al, ; Youssef, Green, Dedert et al, ) and the prediction of PTSD status/diagnosis (Fjeldheim et al, ; Lee, Ahn, Jeong, Chae, & Choi, ; Wrenn et al, ; Ying et al, ). These studies presented consistent findings that imply resilience can buffer the effects of trauma exposure on mental health.…”

Section: Resilience As a Potential Moderator Of Trauma's Negative Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilient Coping Moderates the Effect of Trauma Exposure on Depression

Sinclair

Wallston

Strachan

2016

Research in Nursing & Health

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Posttraumatic depression rates are increasing in the United States, and there is a great need to identify malleable factors that could moderate posttraumatic depression levels. The purpose of this study was to examine whether resilient coping moderates the effects of trauma exposure on depression, while controlling for neuroticism-an established predictor of depressive symptoms. This study used data from 3,734 pairs of twins from the community-based University of Washington Twin Registry. Each twin pair was randomized with twin A in one subsample and twin B in the second subsample. The four-item Brief Resilient Coping Scale measured resilient coping. The two-item Patient Health Questionnaire measured depression. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed on each subsample, controlling for neuroticism. In addition to significant effects of neuroticism and trauma exposure on depression (p < .001), the effect of the interaction of resilient coping and trauma exposure on depression was significant in both subsamples (p < .01). High levels of resilient coping were associated with lower depression scores in the context of previous trauma exposure. Individuals high in resilient coping who experienced significant life traumas were less depressed after trauma exposure, even after controlling for neuroticism. Because coping skills may be learned, interventions that teach resilient coping to individuals with traumatic histories merit investigation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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The development of a Trauma Resiliency Scale (tRS‐18)

Sinkler

Alejo

Agel

et al. 2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Resiliency consists of three core components, which include presence of adversity, protective factors to overcome adversity, and positive outcomes or growth. Therefore, resiliency aligns with the trauma recovery process. This paper describes development of the Trauma Resiliency Scale (tRS) to quantify the resiliency of trauma patients upon presentation and during recovery. Scale items were proposed and reviewed by an expert panel. Group construct validity testing was performed using both individual and focus group feedback with item analysis. Reliability was measured with test–retest administered 14 days apart and evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficient. One hundred and twenty‐three items were initially proposed. Following item categorizing, a preliminary 17‐item questionnaire was created. The questionnaire was administered to 40 individual participants and a trauma survivor focus group to evaluate construct validity. Following group construct testing, an 18‐item Trauma Resiliency Scale (tRS‐18) was proposed. Twenty‐four participants were given the tRS‐18 twice, 14 days apart to establish test–retest. Sixteen of the 18 questions had an intraclass correlation >0.7 (0.793–0.949). The remaining two questions underperformed based on the ICC (0.592 and 0.493) and were manually evaluated for inclusion. The final tRS‐18 is a brief, self‐administered measure of resiliency designed specifically for trauma patients. Sound psychometric properties including face validity, construct validity, and reliability of the instrument have been demonstrated. The tRS‐18 may quantify resiliency at any time point with potential to be predictive of progress during recovery. Level of Evidence III, prognostic.

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Psychological factors predicting outcome after traumatic injury: the role of resilience

Cited by 51 publications

References 26 publications

Posttraumatic growth in a heterogeneous sample of traumatically injured patients 1 year postinjury

Posttraumatic growth in a heterogeneous sample of traumatically injured patients 1 year postinjury

Resilient Coping Moderates the Effect of Trauma Exposure on Depression

The development of a Trauma Resiliency Scale (tRS‐18)

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