Psychological functioning of children who have recurrent migraine

Andrasik, Frank; Kabela, Elise; Quinn, Stephen; Attanasio, Virginia; Blanchard, Edward B.; Rosenblum, Edwin L.

doi:10.1016/0304-3959(88)90180-7

Cited by 111 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar results were reported by Anttila et al, who found that children with migraine had significantly higher scores of total, internalising and somatic symptoms than those without migraine [27]. The strong associations between migraine, depression and anxiety in children and adults demonstrated in some studies is partially confirmed by our findings of higher -but below threshold -scores in the anxious-depressed scale [9,10,12,16,38]. Egger et al studied a large population of children aged 9-15 years: girls who met DSM-III-R criteria for a depressive disorder had a four times higher prevalence of headaches than girls who were not depressed; girls with anxiety disorders had a three times higher prevalence of headaches than girls who were not anxious [39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Present and previous psychopathology of juvenile onset migraine: a pilot investigation by Child Behavior Checklist

2007

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The objective was to describe the premorbid state of migraine with juvenile onset. Thirty subjects with migraine and 30 healthy subjects were enrolled in a case-control study. A structured questionnaire (Child Behavior Checklist, CBCL) was administered to the mothers and ratings were obtained for the past two age periods (0-3 and 4-6 years) and for the present state. CBCL scores of the migraine group (MG) were compared to those of the control group (CG) during the three periods. A longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the evolution of psychopathology comparing CBCL scores of MG in the three age periods. During the premorbid period MG showed significantly higher mean scores on total, internalising, anxious-depressive scales. In the longitudinal perspective, internalising traits were present in the premorbid period in MG. Children later diagnosed as having migraine differ from CG in several scales during different age periods. Migraine could be considered as the expression of a previous vulnerability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Present and previous psychopathology of juvenile onset migraine: a pilot investigation by Child Behavior Checklist

2007

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“…Although increases in mean CDI scores have been reported in several other pediatric disorders such as migraine or diabetes mellitus (17)(18)(19), several factors may contribute to emotional symptoms in the specific disorder of epilepsy. These influences include CNS variables (e.g., effects of seizures, concomitant CNS conditions giving rise to seizures, and medications), as well as psychosocial factors (e.g., the stigma of having seizures) (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients

et al. 1998

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Summary: Purpose:We assessed rates of symptoms of anxiety and depression among pediatric patients with epilepsy.Methods: We administered the Revised Child Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to 44 epilepsy patients aged 7-18 years (mean age 12.4 years). Demographic, socioeconomic, and epilepsy-related information was examined in relation to depression and anxiety scores.Results: No patients had been previously identified to have depression or anxiety. However, 26% had significantly increased depression scores and 16% met critieria for significant anxiety symptomatology. Conclusions: Symptoms of depression and anxiety are common among pediatric patients with epilepsy and appear to be overlooked by care providafs. Key Words: AnxietyDepression-Epilepsy-Seizures-Pediatric.Many controversial studies suggest that patients with epilepsy are at high risk for psychiatric disturbances (1-3) including depression (43) and anxiety (6-8). Most such studies are based on adults; there are far fewer studies of psychiatric symptoms in children and adolescents with seizures. Although depression in childhood has been reported to occur with administration of barbiturates (9), very little is known about overall rates and determinants of depression and anxiety in pediatric patients with epilepsy.Rutter et al. (10) reported psychiatric disturbances in as many as 33% of children with epilepsy but did not specifically delineate affective disorders. Hoare (1 1) noted higher rates of behavioral difficulties in children with epilepsy than in children with diabetes mellitus, but did not determine rates of anxiety and depression. The present study was therefore designed to (a) determine the degree to which the affective disorders (depression and anxiety) had been detected and treated in previous clinical care, (b) determine the frequency of depressive and anxiety-related symptoms among children and adolescents with epilepsy at present, and (c) examine the relationship between self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms with demographic and seizure-related factors. METHODSInclusion and exclusion criteria were as follows: Study entry was offered consecutively to outpatients (aged 7-18 years) with epilepsy (defined as recurrent unprovoked seizures) attending the Pediatric Neurology Department at the University at Stony Brook. Patients with mental retardation were excluded. Patients and their parents completed several self-report measures that examined the following variables:1. Demograptiic variables. Patient ages and sex were recorded. Ages were divided into groups aged 7-12 and 13-18 years. For each child, 1 parent completed the Hollingshead Index, a measure of socioeconomic status (SES) which contains questions about family income, marital and occupational status, and education (12). Scores from the Hollingshead Index were divided into scores of ~2 9 , 2 9 4 8 , and >48 to define lower, middle, and upper SES groups.

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“…Studies by Bille 1 and Andrasik 10 have suggested that childhood migraine is also characterized by such features as depression, anxiety, poor adjustment, poor self-confidence, fearfulness, low motivation and endurance for physical activity and increased somatic complaints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Behavioural Characteristics in Pediatric Migraine

et al. 1987

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SYNOPSISPersonality and behavioural features in pediatric migraine were investigated in a comparison study of 20 boys and girls with migraine, matched for age and sex with a "pain" control group of 20 children with musculoskeletal pain, and with a "no-pain" control group of 20 children. When the amount of pain experienced by children was controlled, the only discriminating variable was that of somatic complaints which included vomiting, nausea, and perceptual disturbances, all migraine-related phenomena. The inclusion of the "pain" control group in this investigation yielded results which indicated that the behavioural and personality features thought to be characteristic of childhood migraine are common to a chronic pain disorder and in fact, the manifestation of many of these features correlate directly with the amount of pain experienced. It is suggested that the personality and behavioural characteristics evident in many children with migraine may result from the recurrent chronic pain episodes rather than in some way being causative of the pain. (Headache 27:16-20, 1987) Migraine headaches in children are a common phenomenon 1 and a number of investigators have described personality and behavioural characteristics which they believe contribute to the occurrence of the headaches. This view was first espoused by Harold Wolff (described by Anderson) 2 in his description of the childhood personalities of his adult migraine patients, as reported retrospectively by the patients and their families. More than half of the migraineurs were described as delicate, shy, withdrawn, sober, polite, well-mannered, conscientious, responsible, unusually thoughtful, and extremely obedient to parental wishes. These sterling, if somewhat submissive qualities were said to co-exist with unusual obstinacy, stubborness and inflexibilty. As children, these individuals were remembered as being very neat and clean and as adolescents, more than usually concerned with moral and ethical issues.Wolff's observations, although of heuristic value, are fraught with major methodological problems. This population included only people who continued to have headaches in adulthood and who sought help from a specialist. The reliance on retrospective family and self-descriptions may well have been biased. The use of an unstructured clinical interview to gather information may have elicited recollections that were in keeping with the interviewer's own opinions. Finally, the lack of any control group prevented meaningful comparisons with individuals who did not have headaches.Wolff's observations, with some variations, have been supported by numerous subsequent investigations with children with migraine, rather than with adult migraineurs recalling their childhood. 3-9 However, most have been marred by major methodological flaws that have compromised their validity.For example, Koch and Melchoir 4 found that 39 of their 136 pediatric migraine patients exhibited some degree of mental symptoms related to stress. Similarly, Krupp and Friedman 5 noted s...

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Psychological functioning of children who have recurrent migraine

Cited by 111 publications

References 17 publications

Present and previous psychopathology of juvenile onset migraine: a pilot investigation by Child Behavior Checklist

Present and previous psychopathology of juvenile onset migraine: a pilot investigation by Child Behavior Checklist

Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients

Personality and Behavioural Characteristics in Pediatric Migraine

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