Psychological impact of electrocardiogram screening in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes

Asif, Irfan M.; Annett, Scott; Ewing, Joseph A.; Abdelfattah, Ramy; Sutphin, Brittan; Conley, Kyle; Rothmier, Justin D.; Harmon, Kimberly G.; Drezner, Jonathan A.

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097909

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Studies of athletes report young people are supportive of screening. 75 76 In practice, however, uptake of school-based cardiac screening programmes varies from 56% to 79%, with substantial variation by year and school. 77 78 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of sudden cardiac death in the young: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveTo summarise studies describing incidence of sudden cardiac death in a general population of young individuals to inform screening policy.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesDatabase searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane library (all inception to current) on 29 April 2019 (updated 16 November 2019), and forward/backward citation tracking of eligible studies.Study eligibility criteriaAll studies that reported incidence of sudden cardiac death in young individuals (12–39 years) in a general population, with no restriction on language or date. Planned subgroups were incidence by age, sex, race and athletic status (including military personnel).Data extractionTwo reviewers independently assessed study eligibility, extracted study data and assessed risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies.AnalysisReported incidence of sudden cardiac death in the young per 100 000 person-years.Results38 studies that reported incidence across five continents. We identified substantial heterogeneity in population, sudden cardiac death definition, and case ascertainment methods, precluding meta-analysis. Median reported follow-up years was 6.97 million (IQR 2.34 million–23.70 million) and number of sudden cardiac death cases was 64 (IQR 40–251). In the general population, the median of reported incidence was 1.7 sudden cardiac death per 100 000 person-years (IQR 1.3–2.6, range 0.75–11.9). Most studies (n=14, 54%) reported an incidence between one and two cases per 100 000 person-years. Incidence was higher in males and older individuals.ConclusionsThis systematic review identified variability in the reported incidence of sudden cardiac death in the young across studies. Most studies reported an incidence between one and two cases per 100 000 person-years.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019120563.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of sudden cardiac death in the young: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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“…People can build up a good physique through sports, and can also increase physical knowledge and enrich physical activities by watching sports games [ 3 ]. The high-frequency holding of the Asian Games, Olympic Games, and other competitions has made competitive sports develop rapidly, typically team-based competitive competitions such as football, basketball, and volleyball [ 4 , 5 ]. As an important ball game, basketball is actually a diversified transformation from the traditional “futsal” and “three-player system” to beach basketball.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Analysis of the Effect of the Stability of Athletes’ Psychological Quality on Sports Basketball Games

Zhang¹,

Zeng

2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Enthusiasm for sports competitions is consistently high. In sports competitions, athletes not only need to have superb skills but also need a strong psychological quality. Usually, athletes with high psychological quality can make their technical level outstanding; on the contrary, for athletes with low psychological quality, even if the level of competition is very high, it is difficult to achieve excellent results. This study analyzes the data of basketball players to study the influence of the stability of different players’ psychological quality on the performance of basketball games. The “mental state” of basketball players is negatively correlated with their performance in basketball games, and the players’ psychology often shows signs of tension during basketball games. This tension is the result of a variety of psychological effects, and the number of times of tension is different under different psychological quality stabilities. The experimental analysis results of this study show that through the data analysis of the psychological factors affecting basketball players, the key factors affecting their psychology have been explored, and strategies and methods that can effectively cultivate the psychological quality of basketball players have been found, in order to provide a reference for improving the psychological quality of basketball players.

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“…Importantly, the rate of false-positive findings was much higher if identified through the use of a medical questionnaire (two studies; 12.9%, 15.8%) or physical examination (4.2%, 6.2%) 5 9. Athletes who received false-positive screening results reported no/minimal measurable anxiety both during and after screening, with no significant differences in distress levels compared with athletes who screened normal 5 9 29. These findings suggest that the perceived negative psychological impact of cardiovascular PPS is negligible and thus may have less relevance to the debate as to whether PPS (or components) should be instituted in a given context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For each included study, a summary of the psychometric instruments used, and main psychological outcomes reported before, during, and after cardiovascular PPS is provided in online supplemental table S10. All but one study measured psychological outcomes through self-administered questionnaires, which were administered to athletes prior to and at a specific time point following screening 5 8 27–31. The other study assessed psychological outcomes through semistructured interviews conducted several months after screening 11.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does cardiovascular preparticipation screening cause psychological distress in athletes? A systematic review

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the psychological implications of cardiovascular preparticipation screening (PPS) in athletes.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Library and grey literature sources.Study eligibility criteriaObservational and experimental studies assessing a population of athletes who participated in a cardiovascular PPS protocol, where psychological outcomes before, during and/or after PPS were reported.MethodsResults of included studies were synthesised by consolidating similar study-reported measures for key psychological outcomes before, during and/or after screening. Summary measures (medians, ranges) were computed across studies for each psychological outcome.ResultsA total of eight studies were included in this review (median sample size: 479). Study cohorts consisted of high school, collegiate, professional and recreational athletes (medians: 59% male, 20.5 years). Most athletes reported positive reactions to screening and would recommend it to others (range 88%–100%, five studies). Increased psychological distress was mainly reported among athletes detected with pathological cardiac conditions and true-positive screening results. In comparison, athletes with false-positive screening results still reported an increased feeling of safety while participating in sport and were satisfied with PPS. A universal conclusion across all studies was that most athletes did not experience psychological distress before, during or after PPS, regardless of the screening modality used or accuracy of results.ConclusionPsychological distress associated with PPS in athletes is rare and limited to athletes with true-positive findings. To mitigate downstream consequences in athletes who experience psychological distress, appropriate interventions and resources should be accessible prior to the screening procedure.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021272887.

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Psychological impact of electrocardiogram screening in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Incidence of sudden cardiac death in the young: a systematic review

Incidence of sudden cardiac death in the young: a systematic review

[Retracted] Analysis of the Effect of the Stability of Athletes’ Psychological Quality on Sports Basketball Games

Does cardiovascular preparticipation screening cause psychological distress in athletes? A systematic review

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