“…These constraints promote that they adopt lecture-based teaching, and do not use instructional strategies that promote students' involvement in research activities, such as asking them to read and critically review papers, or draft research proposals [1,12]. This strong emphasis on clinical psychology over other psychological fields, and of teaching over research activities has also been observed for other Latin-American countries (such as Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, El Salvador, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, and Venezuela), in addition to a lack of interdisciplinary approaches to higher ed and curriculum updating [16,40] .…”