This study investigates the effects of technical cheerleading and dance cheerleading on the psychological health of female college students by utilizing the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), the Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale for Interpersonal Relationships, and the Social Adaptability Diagnostic Scale. The findings indicate the following: (1) Technical cheerleading has a highly significant impact on sensitivity in interpersonal relationships, paranoia, and psychoticism, and a significant effect on anxiety and hostility; dance cheerleading has a highly significant effect on paranoia; (2) Both technical and dance cheerleading have minimal impact on the overall score distribution of interpersonal relationships among female college students, but the dimensions of their effects differ; (3) The impact of technical cheerleading on the social adaptability of female college students is more pronounced than that of dance cheerleading.