Psychological states of Bangladeshi people four months after the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey

Zubayer, Abdullah Al; Rahman, Md. Estiar; Islam, Md. Bulbul; Babu, Sritha Zith Dey; Rahman, Quazi Maksudur; Bhuiyan, Md. Rifat Al Mazid; Khan, Md. Kamrul Ahsan; Chowdhury, Ashraf Uddin; Hossain, Liakat; Habib, R

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05057

Cited by 63 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The current COVID-19 pandemic has exerted psychological and financial impacts on many people (Banna et al, 2020;Bodrud-Doza et al, 2020;Islam et al, 2020c;Zubayer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Financial Concerns and Symptoms of Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Impoverished Urban-dwelling Individuals in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Face-to-face Interview Findings

Islam¹,

Rahman²,

Banik³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the physical, mental and financial health of many individuals. How substantially marginalized groups like impoverished urban-dwelling individuals are specifically impacted amid this pandemic is poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate correlates of financial concerns and symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during the COVID-19 pandemic among impoverished urban-dwelling individuals residing in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2020 using face-to-face interviews in six disadvantaged neighborhoods (“slums”) in Dhaka. Individuals were interviewed using a structured questionnaire consisting of questions assessing socio-demographics, lifestyle, financial well-being relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, depression, and PTSD.Results: A total of 435 individuals (male=54.7%; mean age=45.0±12.0 years; age range=18-85 years) participated. Most (96.3%) reported that their household income decreased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Associated factors included female gender, primary education, jobless, food scarcity, and depression. Depression symptoms were linked to female gender, being jobless, being divorced, living in a joint family, excessive sleep, and smoking. Low incomes, excessive sleep, joblessness, and food scarcity were positively associated with PTSD symptoms. In contrast, less sleep appeared protective against PTSD. Limitations: Potential limitations included cross-sectional study design and limited sample size.Conclusions: Public health initiatives, in particular mental health services, should be introduced to mitigate against psychological and financial effects of the pandemic on impoverished urban-dwelling individuals in Bangladesh.

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“…The current COVID-19 pandemic has exerted psychological and financial impacts on many people (Banna et al, 2020;Bodrud-Doza et al, 2020;Islam et al, 2020c;Zubayer et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Financial Concerns and Symptoms of Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Impoverished Urban-dwelling Individuals in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Face-to-face Interview Findings

Islam¹,

Rahman²,

Banik³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Although studies have suggested that experiencing a severe infectious disease epidemic increases the prevalence of mental health issues, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] it is difficult to find relevant literature or empirical studies that explore quarantine hotel employees faced with the challenge of psychological resilience. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the mental health status and psychological impact on quarantine hotel employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each subscale contains seven items, and is scored using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (did not apply to me at all) to 3 (much or mostly applied to me). The depression subscale consists of questions 3, 5, 10, 13, 16, 17 and 21, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no depression (0-9), mild depression (10-13), moderate depression (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), severe depression (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and extremely severe depression (28 and above). The anxiety subscale consists of questions 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, and 20, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no anxiety (0-7), mild anxiety (8)(9), moderate anxiety (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe anxiety (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and extremely severe anxiety (20 and above).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anxiety subscale consists of questions 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, and 20, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no anxiety (0-7), mild anxiety (8)(9), moderate anxiety (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe anxiety (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and extremely severe anxiety (20 and above). The stress subscale consists of questions 1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14 and 18, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no stress (0-14), mild stress (15)(16)(17)(18), moderate stress (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), severe stress (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33), and extremely severe stress (34 and above). Example items include "I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all" (depression), "I was aware of dryness of my mouth" (anxiety), and "I found it hard to wind down" (stress).…”

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confidence: 99%

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<p>Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Quarantine Hotel Employees in China</p>

Teng¹,

Wu²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

RMHP

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a far-reaching and unprecedented influence on economies worldwide. It has also impacted on the global population's mental health and caused negative psychosocial effects, which may lead to psychological crises. During the pandemic, the challenges for quarantine hotel employees are not only the increased workloads created by operating a quarantine hotel but also high psychological stress associated with job insecurity, risk of exposure and contagion for themselves, their friends and families. This research attempts to explore COVID-19-related depression, anxiety, and stress among quarantine hotel employees in China. The mental health of quarantine hotel employees, who have faced unprecedented changes, is paramount while they provide hospitality and care for healthcare workers and quarantine guests during mandatory quarantine periods. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that applied convenience sampling to collect questionnaire samples from 170 quarantine hotel employees in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, during the COVID-19 pandemic, from May 20 to June 10, 2020. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to collect data. The study uses descriptive analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The results reveal that 43.5% of respondents report moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression; 68.2% have moderate to extremely severe anxiety symptoms; and 8.2% indicated moderate to extremely severe stress symptoms. Quarantine hotel employees who have a higher level of education are less likely to experience anxiety, and those with higher incomes are less likely to experience depression. Discussion: In order to mitigate the increasing levels of anxiety and depression among their staff, quarantine hoteliers or managers urgently need to implement mental health assistance programs, such as providing extra training in hygiene and knowledge about COVID-19, offering online counseling and psychological support services, training in positive thinking, encouraging staff to keep in touch with their personal support networks, and constructing a resilience model.

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“…Pooled prevalence of anxietyA total of 31 studies reported the prevalence of anxiety during COVID-19 in different samples from South Asian countries[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]58,59,[61][62][63][64][65][66]68,69,[71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80] . These studies used different scales to measureanxiety in respective samples, including the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale (n = 16), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale -21 Items (DASS-21) scales (n = 9), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (n = 4), Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) (n = 1), and Self Reporting Questionnaire 20-items (SRQ-20) scale (n = 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of anxiety and depression in South Asia during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hossain¹,

Rahman²,

Trisha³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted biopsychosocial health and wellbeing globally. Pre-pandemic studies suggest a high prevalence of common mental disorders, including anxiety and depression in South Asian countries, which may aggravate during this pandemic. This systematic meta-analytic review was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression in South Asian countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: We systematically searched for cross-sectional studies on eight major bibliographic databases and additional sources up to October 12, 2020, that reported the prevalence of anxiety or depression in any of the eight South Asian countries. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled proportion of anxiety and depression. Results: A total of 35 studies representing 41,402 participants were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of anxiety in 31 studies with a pooled sample of 28,877 was 41.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 34.7-48.1, I2 = 99.18%). Moreover, the pooled prevalence of depression was 34.1% (95% CI: 28.9-39.4, I2 = 99%) among 37,437 participants in 28 studies. Among the South Asian countries, India had a higher number of studies, whereas Bangladesh and Pakistan had a higher pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression. No studies were identified from Afghanistan, Bhutan, and Maldives. Studies in this review had high heterogeneity and varying prevalence across sub-groups. Conclusion: South Asian countries have high prevalence rates of anxiety and depression, suggesting a heavy psychosocial burden during this pandemic. Clinical and public mental health interventions should be prioritized alongside improving the social determinants of mental health in these countries. Lastly, a low number of studies with high heterogeneity requires further research exploring the psychosocial epidemiology during COVID-19, which may inform better mental health policymaking and practice in South Asia.

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Psychological states of Bangladeshi people four months after the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey

Cited by 63 publications

References 28 publications

Correlates of Financial Concerns and Symptoms of Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Impoverished Urban-dwelling Individuals in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Face-to-face Interview Findings

Correlates of Financial Concerns and Symptoms of Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Impoverished Urban-dwelling Individuals in Bangladesh During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Face-to-face Interview Findings

<p>Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Quarantine Hotel Employees in China</p>

Prevalence of anxiety and depression in South Asia during COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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