Psychological well-being after spinal cord injury: Perception of loss and meaning making.

deRoon‐Cassini, Terri; Aubin, Ed de St.; Valvano, Abbey K.; Hastings, James E.; Horn, Patricia Van

doi:10.1037/a0016545

Cited by 84 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…However, evidence is weak and based on single studies. High spirituality and PIL were associated with higher life satisfaction and well-being, 63,84,85 better mental health 84 and adjustment 86 and, as shown in longitudinal research, reduced mortality. 87 Spirituality was not associated with functional independence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…90 Associations with other sociodemographic or lesion-related variables were statistically not significant. 85,86 Hope and optimism Hope and optimism conceptualized as positive orientation toward the future 91 were assessed in five cross-sectional and two longitudinal Psychological resources in SCI C Peter et al Psychological resources in SCI C Peter et al studies 30,92 (Table 5). Evidence appears fragmented and contradictory.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

et al. 2011

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Study design: Systematic literature review. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to gain a systematic overview of the role of psychological resources in the adjustment to spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: A systematic literature review was performed. The literature search was conducted in the databases Pubmed, PsycINFO, the Social Sciences Citation Index, the Education Resources Information Center, Embase and the Citation Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature. The assessed variables, measurement instruments, results and the methodological quality of the studies were extracted, summarized and evaluated. Results: A total of 83 mainly cross-sectional studies were identified. Psychological resources were categorized into seven groups: self-efficacy (SE), self-esteem, sense of coherence (SOC), spirituality, optimism, intellect and other personality characteristics. SE and self-esteem were consistently associated with positive adjustment indicators such as high well-being and better mental health. Interrelations between psychological resources and key rehabilitation outcome variables such as participation were rarely studied. Only a few interventions, which were aimed at strengthening psychological resources were identified. Longitudinal studies suggested that SE, SOC, spirituality and purpose in life were potential determinants of adjustment outcomes in the long term. Conclusion: Research on psychological resources in SCI is broad, but fragmented. Associations of psychological resources with mental health and well-being were frequently shown, while associations with participation were rarely studied. Further development of resource-based interventions to strengthen persons with SCI is indicated. This review can serve as guide for clinical practice and can add to the design of future SCI research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

et al. 2011

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“…[35][36][37] Hope was associated with higher life satisfaction, 35,36 greater psychological well-being 36 and with lower levels of depression and anxiety. 37 Purpose in life was addressed in three studies, in which strong associations between greater purpose in life and higher life satisfaction, 17,38 and higher psychological wellbeing 39 were found.…”

Section: Psychological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between psychological factors and quality of life ratings in persons with spinal cord injury: a systematic review

et al. 2011

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Study design: Systematic review. Objectives: To review the literature on relationships between psychological factors and quality of life (QOL) of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: NA. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in several online databases (PubMed, Embase and PsychInfo). Articles were included if they provided quantitative information on associations between QOL-related dependent variables and psychological factors as independent variables in an SCI population. The search was limited to empirical studies published in English. The methodological quality of the included articles was assessed. Results: A total of 48 studies were included. Total locus of control, sense of coherence, self-worth, hope, purpose in life and positive affect were consistently associated with greater QOL. Negative affect and posttraumatic cognitions were consistently associated with lower QOL. Inconsistent evidence was found for subscales of locus of control, the role of attribution of blame, spirituality, personality, appraisals, passive coping and emotion-focused coping. No evidence was found for an association between active problem-focused coping styles and QOL. Conclusion: Many psychological factors were strongly and consistently related to QOL, but for some others no or inconsistent evidence was found. Further research should (1) use larger study groups, preferably in longitudinal designs, (2) improve terminological precision and avoid conceptual overlap between determinants and outcomes, (3) increase uniformity of questionnaires and (4) reexamine concepts that have been abandoned prematurely, such as personality and social comparison.

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“…18 Another explanation is supported by research finding that, regardless of injury level or classification, it is individuals' perceptions of their injury severity, not the objective category of their injury severity, that have been found to be significantly related to psychological well-being. 19 Future research should address the social integration of this subgroup of youth with SCI and also examine the relationship between perceived levels of injury severity and psychosocial outcomes among youth with SCI. The current study did not reveal any differences between the three groups of youth in terms of mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial outcomes among youth with spinal cord injury by neurological impairment

Riordan¹,

Kelly²,

Klaas³

2013

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Objective: Examine psychosocial outcomes of youth with spinal cord injury (SCI) as a function of neurological level (paraplegia/tetraplegia) and severity (American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS)). Design: Survey research. Setting: Three pediatric SCI specialty centers in the USA. Participants: Youth with SCI ages 5-18 with neurological impairment classifications of: tetraplegia AIS ABC (tetraplegia ABC), paraplegia AIS ABC (paraplegia ABC), or AIS D. Outcome Measures: Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, and Children's Depression Inventory. Results: Three hundred and forty youth participated; 57% were male; 60% were Caucasian, 21% Hispanic, 7% African-American, 2% Native American, and 3% reported "other". Their mean age was 8.15 years (standard deviation (SD) = 5.84) at injury and 13.18 years (SD = 3.87) at interview. Ninety-six youth (28%) had tetraplegia ABC injuries, 191 (56%) paraplegia ABC injuries, and 53 (16%) AIS D injuries. Neurological impairment was significantly related to participation and quality of life (QOL). Specifically, youth with paraplegia ABC and AIS D injuries participated in more activities than youth with tetraplegia ABC (P = 0.002; P = 0.018, respectively) and youth with paraplegia ABC participated more often than youth with tetraplegia ABC (P = 0.006). Youth with paraplegia ABC reported higher social QOL than youth with tetraplegia ABC (P = 0.001) and AIS D injuries (P = 0.002). Groups did not differ regarding mental health. Conclusion: Interventions should target youth with tetraplegia ABC, as they may need support in terms of participation, and both youth with tetraplegia ABC and AIS D injuries in terms of social integration.

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Psychological well-being after spinal cord injury: Perception of loss and meaning making.

Cited by 84 publications

References 70 publications

Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

Psychological resources in spinal cord injury: a systematic literature review

Associations between psychological factors and quality of life ratings in persons with spinal cord injury: a systematic review

Psychosocial outcomes among youth with spinal cord injury by neurological impairment

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