Psychologically informed planned environments

Benefield, Nick; Turner, Kirk; Bolger, Lucinda; Bainbridge, Claire

doi:10.4324/9781315660813-10

Cited by 10 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The findings from this study help clinicians understand what precipitates behaviours, help clients make changes (Breedvelt, 2016; Haigh et al , 2012; Keats et al , 2012) and contribute towards a psychologically informed environment. Given that some participants reported increased drug use because of boredom, clinicians could tailor interventions that help clients address reasons for drug use by, for example, exploring other ways to alleviate boredom.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Homeless people’s experiences of the illicit drug supply during COVID-19

James,

Maguire

2024

HCS

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Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many industries, and reports indicate that this includes the illicit drug market. Recent research suggests that the homeless are particularly vulnerable during the pandemic, and the UK Government has acted to house rough sleepers. Research is scarce regarding homeless people’s experiences of the illicit drug market. This study aims to explore homeless people’s experiences of the drug supply in the UK during COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach Eight homeless people who use illicit drugs, residing in hostels for homeless people in Southampton, participated in semi-structured one-on-one telephone-based interviews. Findings A thematic analysis revealed five themes: availability of drugs, presence of dealers, quality of drugs, finances and personal experiences. Participants reported varying experiences of the drug supply, with lockdown measures expressed as the main reason for reduced supplies, as users found it difficult to find dealers and generate income for purchasing drugs. Research limitations/implications The results may lack generalisability to the wider population, such as rough sleepers and drug dealers, suggesting a need for further research into people’s experiences of the drug supply during COVID-19. Research on this topic could be more in-depth through the use of research methods that are convenient for the homeless population. Practical implications Services should invest in harm reduction services and encourage homeless people who use drugs to engage in substitution treatment. Homeless services should provide psychological support for homeless people who use drugs. Social implications The changes in homeless people’s behaviour following the pandemic may have implications for their interactions with the rest of society (e.g. begging in town centres may reduce). These changes in behaviour may also change the way society can best support homeless people. Originality/value The results are partially consistent with other research findings about the illicit drug supply; however, they also suggest that some individuals experienced minimal change in the illicit drug supply.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Homeless people’s experiences of the illicit drug supply during COVID-19

James,

Maguire

2024

HCS

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“…The PIE movement aims to create enabling environments and can be flexibly applied in a range of settings. PIEs have been explored in settings that work with vulnerable populations with longstanding mental health problems, psychological needs and emotional problems, primarily homeless and criminal justice services (Breedvelt, 2016). Fundamental to a PIE is understanding the impact of trauma on affected people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experience of trauma is common among PWUD (Huggard et al 2017). Whilst there is a growing body of research on PIEs (Breedvelt, 2016), a search of published and grey literature found no reports on this approach within community pharmacy or its applicability to PWUD. The concept of psychologically informed pharmacies could have relevance well beyond the UK and beyond the target group of PWUD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making community pharmacies psychologically informed environments (PIE): a feasibility study to improve engagement with people using drug services in Scotland

Matheson

Hunter

Schofield

et al. 2023

Prim Health Care Res Dev

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Aim: This developmental study tested the feasibility of training pharmacy staff on the psychologically informed environments (PIE) approach to improve the delivery of care. Background: Community pharmacies provide key services to people who use drugs (PWUD) through needle exchange services, medication-assisted treatment and naloxone distribution. PWUD often have trauma backgrounds, and an approach that has been demonstrated to work well in the homeless sector is PIEs. Methods: Bespoke training was provided by clinical psychologists and assessed by questionnaire. Staff interviews explored changes made following PIE training to adapt the delivery of care. Changes in attitude of staff following training were assessed by questionnaire. Peer researchers interviewed patient/client on observed changes and experiences in participating pharmacies. Staff interviews were conducted six months after training to determine what changes, if any, staff had implemented. Normalisation process theory (NPT) provided a framework for assessing change. Findings: Three pharmacies (16 staff) participated. Training evaluation was positive; all participants rated training structure and delivery as ‘very good’ or ‘excellent’. There was no statistically significant change in attitudes. COVID-19 lockdowns restricted follow-up data collection. Staff interviews revealed training had encouraged staff to reflect on their practice and communication and consider potentially discriminatory practice. PIE informed communication skills were applied to manage COVID-19 changes. Staff across pharmacies noted mental health challenges for patients. Five patients were interviewed but COVID-19 delays in data collection meant changes in delivery of care were difficult to recall. However, they did reflect on interactions with pharmacy staff generally. Across staff and patient interviews, there was possible conflation of practice changes due to COVID-19 and the training. However, the study found that training pharmacy teams in PIE was feasible, well received, and further development is recommended. There was evidence of the four NPT domains to support change (coherence, cognitive participation, collective action and reflexive monitoring).

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“…Nevertheless, one can tentatively conclude that there is emerging evidence that PIEs can achieve more positive outcomes for staff and service users than services not run as PIE (Cockersell, 2016; Breedvelt, 2016; Phipps, 2016; Homeless Link, 2018; Williamson, 2018). A primary recommendation of Breedvelt’s (2016) review of the effectiveness of PIE was the development of an evaluative framework that could be used comparatively across services. Subsequently, Johnson (2018) developed a freely accessible PIE self-assessment tool (Pizazz; PIElink, 2020b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing psychologically informed environments in homelessness services: a qualitative exploration of staff teams’ self-assessments

Buckley

Tickle

2023

HCS

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Purpose This study aims to explore the perceptions of staff in four teams regarding the implementation of psychologically informed environments (PIE) across a community service and three hostels supporting individuals facing severe and multiple disadvantage. Design/methodology/approach Using a pre-post design, the PIEs Assessment and Self-Development for Services (known as the Pizazz) was completed by staff before the implementation of PIEs and at a six-month follow-up. A narrative review of the results and thematic analysis of the qualitative data are presented. Findings The majority of the Pizazz elements were rated as improved following PIE implementation. Thematic analysis developed three themes influencing staff members’ ability to develop a PIE: Complexities of Our and Wider Systems; Ready-made or Baked from Scratch; and Reflective and Responsive Staff. Research limitations/implications A planned one-year follow-up was obstructed by the coronavirus pandemic, limiting understanding of longer-term impact. Having only gathered data from staff members, the results cannot corroborate staff members’ perceptions. Further research could explore other stakeholder perspectives, as well as the impact of PIE implementation on staff perception of resources, and of a possible ceiling effect for hostels trying to develop PIE. Originality/value To the authors’ best of knowledge, this is the first UK study to use the Pizazz to evaluate the implementation of PIE.

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Psychologically informed planned environments

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Homeless people’s experiences of the illicit drug supply during COVID-19

Homeless people’s experiences of the illicit drug supply during COVID-19

Making community pharmacies psychologically informed environments (PIE): a feasibility study to improve engagement with people using drug services in Scotland

Implementing psychologically informed environments in homelessness services: a qualitative exploration of staff teams’ self-assessments

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