“…Presence of meaning (i.e., presence) is associated with a plethora of desirable outcomes, including greater wellbeing, longevity, positive affect, and satisfaction with life, while experiencing lower psychological distress (Boyle, Barnes, Buchman, & Bennett, 2009;Debats, Van der Lubbe, & Wezeman, 1993;Hicks & King, 2007;King, Hicks, Krull, & Del Gaiso, 2006;Melton & Schulenberg, 2008;Steger et al, 2006). Moreover, presence acts as a protective factor against substance abuse, depression, and suicidal ideation, with evidence suggesting higher scores on the purpose in life test can discriminate psychiatric patients from the normal population (Batthyany & Russo-Netzer, 2014;Brassai, Piko, & Steger, 2011;Heisel, Flett, Duberstein, & Lyness, 2005;Junior, 1999;Kinnier, Metha, Keim, & Okey, 1994). Presence is associated with a number of growth-related variables that allow healthy psychological functioning.…”