Psychometric evaluation of the Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ)

Abstract

Background: Nightmares are a widespread phenomenon. In comparison to the general population, they occur in mentally ill and especially in traumatized individuals with an increased frequency. Despite the high prevalence, there is no short questionnaire in the German language that is able to characterize nightmares, to differentiate between different nightmare types and to assess their impact on daytime functioning. Objective: The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ) has been developed as a short self-rating instrument to fill this gap. Method: Psychometric characteristics of the HNQ were evaluated in a sample of 707 German soldiers passing through the standard diagnostics of the Center for Mental Health at the German Armed Forces Hospital Hamburg. Results: The results of this study show satisfactory psychometric characteristics as a sound factorial structure and adequate internal consistency for the HNQ as well as initial indications of the construct validity of its subscales. Conclusions: The HNQ is a reliable and economic tool for the assessment of posttraumatic nightmares in clinical as well as research settings.

<p>Psychometric Properties of a Questionnaire on Brucellosis Prevention Behaviors Based on the PRECEDE Model Among Rural Farmers and Their Family Members</p>

“…The results indicated a good fit of the model. Moreover, high factor loading was statistically significant which is consistent with the results of Mahdavi 33 Shaghaghi 36 and Gorzka's 37 studies.…”

Gender differences in nightmare characteristics following trauma

“…They differentiate three types of posttraumatic dreams: a) replicative dreams (posttraumatic reenactments) which are described by the affected persons as a realistic repetition of the original traumatic event; b) mixed dreams which repeat parts of the traumatic experience, but also include deviations; and c) non-replicative dreams referring only symbolically to the original traumatic event. A growing amount of evidence (De Dassel et al, 2017;Freese et al, 2018;Gorzka et al 2019;Wittmann et al, 2010) shows that it is the replicative dream, which is specifically related to posttraumatic psychopathology. To the best of our knowledge, only one study on a small military sample (n = 62, 11 women) has addressed the gender differences in replicativeness, and its results suggest no differences between men and women (de Dassel et al, 2017).…”

“…Nightmare characteristics were assessed by applying the Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ, Gorzka et al,2019), a German self-report measure on nightmare characteristics. It consists of 30 questions/items divided into four sections.…”

Psychological and sociological characteristics of students suffering from nightmares

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