Psychometric Evaluation of the Transgender Congruence Scale

Huit, T. Zachary; Ralston, Allura L.; Haws, J. Kyle; Holt, Natalie R.; Hope, Debra A.; Puckett, Jae A.; Mocarski, Richard; Woodruff, Nathan

doi:10.1007/s13178-021-00659-7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Nine potential confounders were included in the models: age, age of first realising TGD identity, age of disclosing to close others, years since disclosure, if they currently live in their affirmed gender all/most of the time, presumed sex at birth, gender identity, sexual identity, if they live in a city/town/rural area, and the level of gender incongruence experienced measured with the Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS‐10; Huit et al. 2021; Kozee, Tylka, and Bauerband 2012). See the Supporting Information for an explanation of the measurement of these variables and a justification for their inclusion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmet Needs, Minority Stress and Mental Health Outcomes Among Transgender Individuals: The Mediating Role of Schema Domains

Radford,

Byrne,

Staiger

et al. 2024

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Exposure to gender‐related minority stressors, the negative experiences and beliefs that stem from anti‐trans stigma increases transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people's vulnerability to experiencing poor mental health outcomes. This study examined if the relationships between experiences of minority stress and mental health outcomes were mediated by early maladaptive schemas: mental representations shaping the way people view themselves, others and the world. Drawing from a schema therapy perspective, the study additionally examined if caregivers' failure to meet TGD people's core emotional needs was associated with mental health outcomes and if schemas similarly mediated these relationships. A total of 619 TGD adults completed an online survey about early maladaptive schemas, core emotional needs, gender‐related minority stress and psychological distress and wellbeing. Causal mediation analyses indicated that caregivers who did not meet TGD people's core emotional needs and greater experiences of minority stress were associated with increased distress and lower wellbeing. These relationships were mediated by schema severity, particularly the disconnection and rejection and impaired autonomy domains. These findings provide empirical support for the schema therapy model's assumption that unmet core emotional needs are associated with schema formation. For TGD people, maladaptive beliefs about the self, others and world can form in response to manifestations of anti‐trans stigma within the individual, their interpersonal relationships, community and broader society. Caregivers' failure to meet needs, plus experiences of minority stress throughout the individual's system, leads to greater distress and lower wellbeing; however, clinical interventions targeting schemas may improve outcomes for this at‐risk group.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmet Needs, Minority Stress and Mental Health Outcomes Among Transgender Individuals: The Mediating Role of Schema Domains

Radford,

Byrne,

Staiger

et al. 2024

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The TCS has two subscales: appearance congruence (e.g., My physical body represents my gender identity ) and gender identity acceptance (e.g., I am happy that I have the gender identity that I do ). The TCS has been shown to have adequate internal consistency and validity (Huit et al, 2021). The current study's analyses utilize the TCS appearance congruence subscale to measure appearance congruence among TGE individuals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between gender‐affirming care and disordered eating in transgender and gender diverse individuals: Exploring appearance congruence and gender‐related motivating factors for weight loss

Chakkour,

Simone,

Askew

et al. 2024

Intl J Eating Disorders

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore between‐group differences across different stages of gender‐affirming care, and associations between appearance congruence, gender‐related motivations for weight loss, and disordered eating in transgender and gender expansive (TGE) individuals.MethodA total of 160 TGE adults (aged 18–30) were recruited across the United States. Participants completed a comprehensive online survey. Data were analyzed using generalized linear models and bivariate correlations.ResultsSignificant differences in appearance congruence among participants at different transition stages were revealed, with the group that achieved their desired transition reporting the highest appearance congruence compared to all other groups. Furthermore, gender‐related motivations for weight loss were significantly lower in individuals who achieved their desired transition compared to those with no plans to transition.DiscussionFindings suggest significantly higher appearance congruence in those who achieved their desired transition compared to other groups, and individuals who attained their desired transition exhibited significantly reduced gender‐related motivations for weight loss compared to those with no plans to transition. These findings underscore the potential psychological benefits associated with successful gender‐affirming care, highlighting its role not only in fostering appearance congruence but also in mitigating gender‐related motivations for weight loss among TGE individuals. Future research should include larger and more diverse samples, longitudinal designs, and considerations of other factors influencing body image outcomes in this population.Public SignificanceThis study sheds light on the crucial relationship between gender‐affirming care and body image outcomes in TGE individuals. Understanding how appearance congruence and gender‐related motivations for weight loss are associated with disordered eating can inform tailored support and interventions. By recognizing the association of gender affirming care and well‐being, healthcare providers can enhance care for TGE individuals.

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“…Transgender Congruence Scale (TCS; Huit et al, 2021;Kozee et al, 2012) The TCS is a 12-item scale including a total and two subscale scores: Appearance Congruence and Gender Identity Acceptance that measures external and internal aspects of gender congruence, respectively. Higher scores indicate greater congruence and acceptance of gender identity.…”

Section: Approach To Internal Consistencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Test–retest reliability and sensitivity of a brief clinical monitoring measure for transgender and gender diverse adults: The Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC³).

Huit¹,

Holt²,

Farquhar-Leicester³

et al. 2024

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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The current study aimed to examine the test–retest reliability and sensitivity of the Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC3) in a 3-month period with four assessment points at baseline, 1, 2, and 3 months to examine its utility as a clinical progress monitoring measure. This study builds on the initial validation study conducted by Holt et al. (2019). The sample of 32 transgender and gender diverse (TGD) participants were chosen who met screening for at least modest depression and anxiety, and did not have other significant risk factors (e.g., mania, self-harm). Participants completed a battery of measures that assessed mood, well-being, and gender-related constructs at each of the time points in addition to demographic questionnaires. Overall, the TC3 exhibited excellent test–retest reliability. While there was no systematic change in scores, there was some random variation of scores around the mean; and large, within-person correlations between time points. The TC3 also demonstrated convergence with many of the gender-related constructs, and to a lesser degree demonstrated criterion validity with mental health constructs. Further longitudinal study with larger samples in addition to study within intervention frameworks are necessary next steps to understand the utility of the TC3 for assessing systematic change over time. Overall, the current study highlights the initial utility of the TC3 to measure aspects of gender-related well-being across time, such as during health or behavioral health services.

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Psychometric Evaluation of the Transgender Congruence Scale

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Unmet Needs, Minority Stress and Mental Health Outcomes Among Transgender Individuals: The Mediating Role of Schema Domains

Unmet Needs, Minority Stress and Mental Health Outcomes Among Transgender Individuals: The Mediating Role of Schema Domains

The association between gender‐affirming care and disordered eating in transgender and gender diverse individuals: Exploring appearance congruence and gender‐related motivating factors for weight loss

Test–retest reliability and sensitivity of a brief clinical monitoring measure for transgender and gender diverse adults: The Trans Collaborations Clinical Check-In (TC³).

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