Psychometric Properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire – II for Taiwanese College Students and Elite Athletes

Testing the model of psychological flexibility in the Serbian cultural context: The psychometric properties of the acceptance and action questionnaire

“…This result is consistent with 7 culturally specific studies mentioned above, all demonstrating significant negative correlation ranging from -.21 for the Taiwanese sample (Chang et al, 2017) to -.64 for the Polish sample (Kleszcz et al, 2018). The experiential avoidance score also demonstrated moderate negative correlation with positive affect, and high positive correlation with negative affect, which was demonstrated to an almost identical degree in the Taiwanese sample (-.37 and .66 respectfully;Chang et al, 2017), and also consistent with the Chinese sample (-.15 and .54 respectfully;Zhang et al, 2014). As expected, experiential avoidance was negatively correlated with emotional regulation strategies of tolerating and adjusting to the presence of unpleasant emotions.…”

“…As seen in Table 7, all of the correlation coefficients are highly positive with indicators of depression, anxiety, stress, and general distress. This finding is consistent with findings reported in previous cross-cultural validation studies using the same instruments (Chang et al, 2017;Kleszcz et al, 2018;Ruiz et al, 2016;Szabó et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2014). The lowest correlation coefficients were demonstrated in the Romanian sample (.47, .35, and .31 respectfully;Szabó et al, 2011) and the highest in the Colombian sample (.73, .65, and .86 respectfully;Ruiz et al, 2016).…”

“…Original findings regarding psychometric properties and structural validity of the instrument were further supported (Fledderus, Oude Voshaar, ten Klooster, & Bohlmeijer, 2012) across various cultural contexts, including Chinese (Zhang, Chung, Si, & Liu, 2014), Colombian (Ruiz et al, 2016), Dutch (Bernaerts, De Groot, & Kleen, 2012), French (Monestès, Villatte, Mouras, Loas, & Bond, 2009), German (Hummel et al, 2009), Greek (Karekla & Michaelides, 2017), Hungarian (Eisenbeck & Szabó-Bartha, 2018), Italian (Pennato, Berrocal, Bernini, & Rivas, 2013), Persian (Abasi, Fti, Molodi, & Zarabi, 2013), Polish (Kleszcz, Dudek, Białaszek, Ostaszewski, & Bond, 2018), Portuguese (Costa, Maroco, Pinto-Gouveia, & Galhardo, 2014), Romanian (Szabó, Vargha, Balázsi, Bartalus, & Bogdan, 2011), Spanish (Ruiz, Langer-Herrera, Luciano, Cangas, & Beltran, 2013), Swedish (Lundgren & Parling, 2016), Taiwanese (Chang, Chi, Shin-Huei, & Yun-Ci, 2017), and Turkish (Meunier et al, 2014), as well as amongst the Hispanic population living in the USA (Flynn, Berkout, & Bordieri, 2016). In most of these contexts, the instrument demonstrated a unidimensional structure as well as excellent psychometric properties.…”

Psychological Flexibility Among Competitive Athletes: A Psychometric Investigation of a New Scale

“…Furthermore, high levels of psychological inflexibility scores were significantly associated with low quality of life, and we also found the PFSS to be positively related to both depression and anxiety. A previous meta-analysis of 27 studies found that psychological flexibility predicted a wide range of quality of life outcomes (Hayes et al, 2006 ; see also Chawla and Ostafin, 2007 ), and research using the general AAQ-II has found similar results for psychological flexibility and wellbeing in athletes (Zhang et al, 2014 ; Chang et al, 2017 ). The findings in the current study regarding the positive relationship between the PFSS and both anxiety and depression are in line with a substantial amount of research showing similar correlations in a variety of populations (Ruiz, 2010 ) and in athletes specifically (Zhang et al, 2014 ; Chang et al, 2017 ).…”

“…I like and respect myself.” The BBQ showed satisfactory reliability, with good concurrent and convergent validity (Lindner et al, 2016 ); the Cronbach α reliability for the scale in Lindner's study was 0.76 (Lindner et al, 2016 ). Based on earlier research (Zhang et al, 2014 ; Chang et al, 2017 ), we expected the PFSS to be negatively correlated with quality of life.…”