Psychometric properties of the CAMCOG and its efficacy in the diagnosis of dementia

Huppert, Felicia A.; Jorm, Anthony F.; Brayne, Carol; Girling, Deborah M.; Barkley, Claire; Beardsall, Lynn; Paykel, Eugene S.

doi:10.1080/13825589608256624

Cited by 82 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…One previous study, however, which explored psychometric properties (reliability, discriminative capacity and factorial structure) of the CAMCOG, found an excellent reliability of the individual subscales and high levels of sensitivity and specificity of the instrument in differentiating between demented and non-demented individuals 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Impaired abstract thinking may discriminate between normal aging and vascular mild cognitive impairment

Sudo

Alves

et al. 2010

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is associated with cognitive deficits. This crosssectional study examines differences among healthy elderly controls and patients with vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) and vascular dementia (VaD) in performances on CAMCOG subscales. Method: Elderly individuals (n=61) were divided into 3 groups, according to cognitive and neuroimaging status: 16 controls, 20 VaMCI and 25 VaD. VaMCI and VaD individuals scored over 4 points on the Hachinski Ischemic Scale. Results: Significant differences in total CAMCOG scores were observed across the three groups (p<0.001). VaD subjects performed worse than those with VaMCI in most CAMCOG subscales (p<0.001). All subscales showed differences between controls and VaD (p<0.001). Performance on abstract thinking showed difference between VaMCI and controls (p<0.001). Vascular mild cognitive impairment (VaMCI) can be defined as a cognitive impairment of vascular etiology that does not fulfill criteria for dementia 1 . It has been proposed that vascular-related cognitive impairment exists throughout a continuum comprising VaMCI, vascular cognitive impairment no-dementia (Va-CIND) and vascular dementia (VaD) 2 . In a sample of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) patients with cognitive difficulties, Wentzel et al. 3 reported a 50% rate of conversion to dementia over a five-year period. The early detection of VaM-CI may allow therapeutic intervention designed to halt or delay the progression of vascular lesions so as to prevent the conversion to dementia 4,5 . Presently, the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) requires improvement in the sensitivity of conventional screening tests for dementia, since the rate of false-negative results is usually high for those individuals 6,7 . Studies attempting to increase such sensitivity have shown that a combination of different screening tests provides higher diagnostic accuracy compared to each test individually 8,9 . Diniz et al. 7 analyzed Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) subtests in a sample of MCI subjects and managed to identify distinct profiles of cognitive deficits among the MCI subtypes. A higher rate of patients with MCI could be identified when the item scores were analyzed, which was not possible when only MMSE final scores were considered. ROC curve analyses were performed to determinate cutoff scores in the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) for MCI patients, but discrimination between MCI subjects and controls with this method showed low accuracy 10 . ConclusionIt was suggested that some cognitive domains might be specifically impaired in MCI subjects and these aspects could serve as differential markers to distinguish this condition from normal aging. Rodríguez et al. found that individuals diagnosed as MCI performed significantly worse than controls in CAMCOG subtests assessing various areas, with higher significance levels corresponding to the variables memory, abstract thinking and executive function 11 . In a previous study, Erkinjuntii et al. observed im...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Impaired abstract thinking may discriminate between normal aging and vascular mild cognitive impairment

Sudo

Alves

et al. 2010

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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“…The CAMCOG consists of brief neuropsychological tests, which assess cognitive functions such as orientation, memory, language, attention, perception, praxis, calculation and executive functioning [15]. The CAMCOG was found to have a high internal reliability and test-retest reliability [16]. Also, high sensitivity and specificity values for differentiating between demented and non-demented subjects were found [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CAMCOG was found to have a high internal reliability and test-retest reliability [16]. Also, high sensitivity and specificity values for differentiating between demented and non-demented subjects were found [16]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire©, a New Tool to Measure Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Dementia

et al. 2013

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Background: This study describes the validation of a new instrument measuring instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire© (a registered copyright of the Alzheimer Center of the VU University Medical Center). This informant-based tool aimed at detecting IADL problems in incipient dementia was previously found to have a high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Methods: Patients and their informants who visited the Alzheimer Center of the VU University Medical Center were included in this study. Item response theory was used to estimate the individuals' trait levels as a measure of IADL disability. Construct validity was tested by correlating estimated trait levels with clinical and demographic measures using Pearson's or Kendall's τ correlation coefficients. Additionally, estimated trait levels between patients with and without dementia and between patients with early- and late-onset dementia were compared using independent t tests. Results: A total of 206 informants of patients completed the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire. The correlations between estimated trait levels and other measures were in concordance with previously formed hypotheses. Patients diagnosed with dementia (n = 93) had higher estimated trait levels than patients without dementia (n = 96), Cohen's effect size, d = 1.04, t(187) = 7.1, p < 0.001. We found no differences between early- and late-onset dementia patients. Conclusions: Results suggest that the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument in the evaluation of dementia.

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“…Like the MEAMS, it consists of a number of brief tests, including those relating to orientation, language, memory, praxis, attention, abstract thinking and perception. This battery tends to be more sensitive to cognitive impairment at the early stages of dementia (Huppert et al, 1996) and has been validated on patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, depression and delirium. The CAMCOG has been found to be highly reliable, and a factor analysis of the sub-test data suggests two main factors, one relating to intelligence and the other to memory functioning (Huppert et al, 1996).…”

Section: Brief Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This battery tends to be more sensitive to cognitive impairment at the early stages of dementia (Huppert et al, 1996) and has been validated on patients with Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, depression and delirium. The CAMCOG has been found to be highly reliable, and a factor analysis of the sub-test data suggests two main factors, one relating to intelligence and the other to memory functioning (Huppert et al, 1996). A screening instrument that has international use is the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer 's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological battery, which includes tests of fluency, naming, constructional praxis, free recall and recognition (Morris et al, 1989).…”

Section: Brief Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological assessment in older people: old principles and new directions

Morris

Worsley²,

Matthews³

2000

Adv. psychiatr. treat

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Neuropsychological assessment, in the broader sense, is common clinical practice with older adults because of the widespread use of mental status examinations and dementia rating scales. In the more narrow sense, a neuropsychological assessment conducted by a clinical psychologist or clinical neuropsychologist is used less frequently and for more specific purposes. This paper outlines these uses and provides a brief overview of the different types of test that might be used, with a clinical example to illustrate the type of information gained. This review is designed not to be comprehensive, but to provide a pointer towards the latest trends in test development.

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Psychometric properties of the CAMCOG and its efficacy in the diagnosis of dementia

Cited by 82 publications

References 13 publications

Impaired abstract thinking may discriminate between normal aging and vascular mild cognitive impairment

Impaired abstract thinking may discriminate between normal aging and vascular mild cognitive impairment

Validation of the Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire©, a New Tool to Measure Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Dementia

Neuropsychological assessment in older people: old principles and new directions

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