Psychometric Properties of the Farsi Version of Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for Children-Revised in Iranian Children with Cancer

Abstract

Objective: Coping with childhood cancer, as a stressful incident, can lead to a growth in various aspects of the child's life. Therefore, this study aims to validate Posttraumatic Growth Inventory for Children-Revised (PTGI-C-R) in children with cancer. Methods: This methodological research was carried out in referral children hospitals in Tehran. PTGI-C-R was translated and back-translated. Content and face validity were assessed. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on 200 children with inclusion criteria, using LISREL V8.5. Due to the rejection of the model, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was done, using SPSS V21. The correlation of posttraumatic growth (PTG) with the variables, i.e., age and gender, was investigated. Results: Some writing changes were made in phrases in the sections concerning face and content validity. CFA rejected the five-factor model due to the undesirable fit indices. Therefore, an EFA was used and the three-factor model was not approved, either despite the statistical appropriateness or due to the lack of similarity between the items loaded on factors. The results also indicated a significant relationship between PTG and age ( r = 0.13, P = 0.05). There is no significant relationship between PTG and gender ( z = −1.35, P = 0.83). Conclusions: PTGI-C-R does not have desirable psychometric properties in Iranian children with cancer and may not be able to reflect all the aspects of PTG experienced by them. Therefore, it cannot be used as an appropriate scale, and it is necessary to develop and validate a specific tool through a qualitative study.

Validation of post‐traumatic growth inventory in mothers with the experience of having the NICU‐Hospitalized newborns “validation of post‐traumatic growth inventory”

“…Therefore, it would be necessary to develop a new tool appropriate for each specific population. For example, in a 2021 study by Shirinabadi Farahani et al ( 2021 ), according to the goodness of fit indices, neither the 5‐factor model, nor any other models were approved, showing differences in PTG between this specific population and other research populations (Shirinabadi Farahani et al, 2021 ), which can be due to the fact that the participants were the children with cancer who had a completely different understanding of this concept. In addition, Iran consists of a population with diverse ethnicities, religions and customs resulting in the emergence of various subcultures, which in turn creates different types of lifestyle.…”

“…In 1996, Tedeschi & Calhoun developed a 21‐item tool under the title Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) to measure PTG in adults, which examines mental development in a variety of dimensions, even during the most challenging events of life (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996 ). So far, this tool has been translated into different cultures and in different languages (Aydin & Kabukçuoğlu, 2020 ; Pajón et al, 2020 ; Shirinabadi Farahani et al, 2021 ; Silva et al, 2018 ). Its validation has also been done in different countries and it has been introduced as a valid and reliable tool for many population groups (García & Wlodarczyk, 2016 ; Silva et al, 2018 ).…”