Psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale—Revised

Creamer, Mark; Bell, Richard; Failla, Salvina

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2003.07.010

Cited by 1,654 publications

(1,636 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Our results suggest a score of 46 on the IES-R rather than the previous recommendation of 33 (Creamer et al, 2003). A very modest increase was noted for the PCL-5 compared the majority of previously recommended cut-offs, with a cut-off score of 34 compared to previous recommended score of 33; though it should be noted that 38 has also been suggested as a cut-off for the PCL-5 (Bovin et al, 2016; Weathers et al, 2013b; Wortmann et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…There was a general trend towards identifying higher cut-off scores to indicate probable PTSD on these measures than had previously been recommended (Creamer et al, 2003; Foa, Riggs, Dancu, & Rothbaum, 1993; Keen et al, 2008). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The IES-R is a 22-item self-report measure assessing the presence of PTSD symptom clusters that map onto the DSM-IV criteria (Creamer et al, 2003). Individuals are asked to rate how distressing different symptoms of PTSD have been for them over the past seven days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IES-R is widely used in primary care psychology services in the UK. A cut-off for probable PTSD according to DSM-IV for veterans has been suggested to be a score of 33 or above (Creamer et al, 2003). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further observation is that the majority of the studies that have explored the psychometric properties of PTSD measures within veteran populations have done so by recruiting from either community populations or primary care mental health settings (Creamer, Bell, & Failla, 2003; Hoge, Riviere, Wilk, Herrell, & Weather, 2014; Keen et al, 2008). As such, this may limit the generalizability of these recommendations when applying to treatment-seeking veterans in secondary care settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring optimum cut-off scores to screen for probable posttraumatic stress disorder within a sample of UK treatment-seeking veterans

Murphy

Ross

Ashwick

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Previous research exploring the psychometric properties of the scores of measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggests there is variation in their functioning depending on the target population. To date, there has been little study of these properties within UK veteran populations. Objective: This study aimed to determine optimally efficient cut-off values for the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) that can be used to assess for differential diagnosis of presumptive PTSD. Methods: Data from a sample of 242 UK veterans assessed for mental health difficulties were analysed. The criterion-related validity of the PCL-5 and IES-R were evaluated against the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). Kappa statistics were used to assess the level of agreement between the DSM-IV and DSM-5 classification systems. Results: The optimal cut-off scores observed within this sample were 34 or above on the PCL-5 and 46 or above on the IES-R. The PCL-5 cut-off is similar to the previously reported values, but the IES-R cut-off identified in this study is higher than has previously been recommended. Overall, a moderate level of agreement was found between participants screened positive using the DSM-IV and DSM-5 classification systems of PTSD. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the PCL-5 and IES-R can be used as brief measures within veteran populations presenting at secondary care to assess for PTSD. The use of a higher cut-off for the IES-R may be helpful for differentiating between veterans who present with PTSD and those who may have some sy`mptoms of PTSD but are sub-threshold for meeting a diagnosis. Further, the use of more accurate optimal cut-offs may aid clinicians to better monitor changes in PTSD symptoms during and after treatment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Exploring optimum cut-off scores to screen for probable posttraumatic stress disorder within a sample of UK treatment-seeking veterans

Murphy

Ross

Ashwick

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Effects of a Large-Scale Industrial Disaster on Rates of Symptoms Consistent With Posttraumatic Stress Disorders Among Schoolchildren in Toulouse

Godeau¹,

Vignes²,

Navarro³

et al. 2005

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been studied largely among adults and in the context of intentional, collective experiences such as war and terrorism. Far less is known about PTSD among adolescents and resulting from massive industrial accidents. Such an accident in Toulouse, France, 10 days after the World Trade Center disaster, provided an opportunity to examine its effects among adolescents already sensitized by media coverage of the World Trade Center disaster. Objectives:(1) To assess the presence of symptoms consistent with PTSD (SCW-PTSD) among adolescents in Toulouse after a massive industrial accident, (2) to determine the "excess" of SCW-PTSD among those directly exposed vs those nondirectly exposed, and (3) to examine dosage effects for exposure and the cumulative effect on PTSD of accident-related experiences.Design, Setting, and Participants: A survey containing questions on exposure and SCW-PTSD was administered to students aged 11 years, 13 years, 15 years, and 17 years who were enrolled in randomly selected, grade-stratified classrooms from schools for directly exposed students (n=577) in Toulouse and nondirectly exposed students (n = 900) in the region.Main Outcome Measure: The prevalence of SCW-PTSD among directly exposed and nondirectly exposed students.Results: Nine months after the industrial accident, 44.6% of 11-and 13-year-old directly exposed students and 28.5% of 15-and 17-year-old directly exposed students

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Association of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome With Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Family Members After ICU Discharge

Azoulay¹,

Resche‐Rigon²,

Mégarbane

et al. 2022

JAMA

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IMPORTANCE Persistent physical and mental disorders are frequent in survivors of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, data on these disorders among family members are scarce.OBJECTIVE To determine the association between patient hospitalization for COVID-19 ARDS vs ARDS from other causes and the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-related symptoms in family members. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Prospective cohort study in 23 intensive care units (ICUs) in France (January 2020 to June 2020 with final follow-up ending in October 2020). ARDS survivors and family members (1 family member per patient) were enrolled. EXPOSURES Family members of patients hospitalized for ARDS due to COVID-19 vs ARDS due to other causes. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was family member symptoms of PTSD at 90 days after ICU discharge, measured by the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (score range, 0 [best] to 88 [worst]; presence of PTSD symptoms defined by score >22). Secondary outcomes were family member symptoms of anxiety and depression at 90 days assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (score range, 0 [best] to 42 [worst]; presence of anxiety or depression symptoms defined by subscale scores Ն7). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between COVID-19 status and outcomes. RESULTS Among 602 family members and 307 patients prospectively enrolled, 517 (86%) family members (median [IQR] age, 51 [40-63] years; 72% women; 48% spouses; 26% bereaved because of the study patient's death; 303 [50%] family members of COVID-19 patients) and 273 (89%) patients (median [IQR] age, 61 [50-69] years; 34% women; 181 [59%] with COVID-19) completed the day-90 assessment. Compared with non-COVID-19 ARDS, family members of patients with COVID-19 ARDS had a significantly higher prevalence of symptoms of PTSD (35% [103/293] vs 19% [40/211]; difference, 16% [95% CI, 8%-24%]; P < .001), symptoms of anxiety (41% [121/294] vs 34% [70/207]; difference, 8% [95% CI, 0%-16%]; P= .05), and symptoms of depression (31% [91/291] vs 18% [37/209]; difference, 13% [95% CI, 6%-21%]; P< .001). In multivariable models adjusting for age, sex, and level of social support, COVID-19 ARDS was significantly associated with increased risk of PTSD-related symptoms in family members (odds ratio, 2.05 [95% CI, 1.30 to 3.23]).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among family members of patients hospitalized in the ICU with ARDS, COVID-19 disease, as compared with other causes of ARDS, was significantly associated with increased risk of symptoms of PTSD at 90 days after ICU discharge.

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Psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale—Revised

Cited by 1,654 publications

References 8 publications

Exploring optimum cut-off scores to screen for probable posttraumatic stress disorder within a sample of UK treatment-seeking veterans

Exploring optimum cut-off scores to screen for probable posttraumatic stress disorder within a sample of UK treatment-seeking veterans

Effects of a Large-Scale Industrial Disaster on Rates of Symptoms Consistent With Posttraumatic Stress Disorders Among Schoolchildren in Toulouse

Association of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome With Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Family Members After ICU Discharge

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