Psychometric Properties of the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS) in Iranian Opioid and Alcohol Abusers

Abstract

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is one of the most dangerous behaviors linked to substance abuse. The Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS) was translated into the Persian language to study its psychometric properties in Iranian population of opioid and alcohol abusers. Methods: This is a psychometric study investigating opioid and alcohol abusers in Iran, including those residing in addiction rehabilitation camps, prisons, hospitals, and addiction treatment clinics dispensing methadone in 2017. The sample size of this study was 470. The subjects completed the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury, Barrat Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Results: The test-retest results were estimated for two weeks using the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The absolute reliability was determined to be 2.62%. There was a significant correlation between convergent and divergent instruments. The results of the exploratory factor analysis on 235 individuals in the sample showed all subscales of the inventory measure a single factor in the Iranian population. The total Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for this subscale was 0.93. Also, the results of confirmatory factor analyses on the rest of the sample (235), after applying the AMOS software suggestions to improve the model, showed this inventory was a good indicator for this population (χ2 = 131.69; P < 0.001; df = 56; χ2/df = 2.35; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.76; GFI = 0.92). Conclusions: The Persian version of the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury has high validity and reliability among the opioid and alcohol-abusing population in Iran. Further research is needed to investigate the causal relationship between clinical symptoms, suicidal ideation, and decreased resilience.

The Role of Psychological Factors in Non-suicidal Self-injury of Female Adolescents

“…Also, the test-retest reliability of the omnibus NSSI scale has been measured to be 0.85, and its construct validity has been confirmed (32). In Iranian opioid and alcohol abusers, the total Cronbach's alpha coefficient for this subscale was 0.93 (33). Cronbach's alpha coefficient of this questionnaire was 0.97 in this study.…”

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Inventory of Statements about Self-injury (ISAS)

“…Beyond a stable factor structure, other psychometric properties of the ISAS are positive. The internal consistency of ISAS' factors and the 13 functions were in the acceptable to excellent range in both community (3,4,24,25,28,31) and clinical samples (9,23,26,27). Additionally, in support of their convergent validity, ISAS scores were associated with related constructs such as borderline personality symptoms, suicidality, depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and contextual variables such as the tendency to self-injure alone, suicidal ideations, and decreased resilience (3,4,24,25,27,28,31); ISAS scores were also positively correlated with emotion dysregulation (26, 28) and negatively with distress tolerance (27).…”

“…The "self-care "function was also loaded on the intrapersonal factor, which originally belonged to the interpersonal factor (28). In Iran, Zarghami et al (27) examined the psychometrics of the ISAS among adult opioid and alcohol abusers. The EFA revealed a single-factor solution, which yielded an adequate t in the subsequent con rmatory factor analysis (CFA).…”

“…Given the importance of NSSI assessment, the ISAS has been translated and studied in various countries, including Sweden (23), Turkey (24), Australia (25), South Korea (3), Spain (26), Iran (27), Pakistan (9), and Norway (28). In the original study, Klonsky et al (4) examined the psychometrics of ISAS with 235 college students in the USA who had performed at least one NSSI behavior.…”

“…The EFA revealed a single-factor solution, which yielded an adequate t in the subsequent con rmatory factor analysis (CFA). While important, Zarghami et al (27) correlated seven error covariances in their one-factor solution, which may not provide a clear interpretation of the true factor structure (29,30).…”