Psychometric properties of the ORTO-R in a community-based sample of women and men from Poland

Abstract

Purpose Over the past two decades, orthorexia nervosa (ON) has been increasingly investigated. Recently, a new revision version of the ORTO-15, namely ORTO-R, was used. The main objective of the present study was to confirm the factor structure of Polish version of the ORTO-R for evaluating ON thoughts and behaviors. Method In three studies, a total of 3081 participants was selected by random sampling through several universities and companies. In Study 1, we used original items of ORTO-15, in Study 2 we used both, the ORTO-15 items and the revised items from ORTO-R, and in Study 3 we used only the items from the ORTO-R. Confirmatory factor analysis was used for determining the factorial structure of the Polish version of the ORTO-R. We also assessed internal consistency and convergent and criterion validity of the ORTO-R. Results The model composed of the revised items (ORTO-R) was characterized of good convergent and criterion validity. Furthermore, ORTO-R appeared to be more internally consistent as compared to ORTO-15. Conclusion The 6-item ORTO-R is valid and reliable method to assess orthorexic thoughts and behaviors among Polish-speaking population and could be applied in future research. Using revised version of the items is strongly preferred to using the items in their original ORTO-15 form.

Intra- and Interpersonal Dimensions of Orthorexia: Preliminary Development and Validation of an Intra- and Interpersonal Effects Scale for Orthorexia

“…The revised version has better psychometric properties. Moreover, a univariate structure with good reliability has been confirmed in large sample studies [29]. In our sample, the reliability of the scale as measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.91.…”

“…Orthorexia negatively affects physical, mental, and social health. Additional research on valid and reliable screening instruments, body image, and psychological functioning would help to better understand the disorder and expand treatment options [29].…”

The Prevalence and Selected Risk Factors of Orthorexia Nervosa Disorder Using the Orto-15 Test

“…The screening test that is mostly used is the ORTO-15 test, which has seen many modifications, both in terms of questions it takes from the original version and the interpretation of scores. It has been claimed that this test overdiagnoses the phenomenon, which has led to calls for an urgent need to modify this tool because of epidemiological data showing increasing numbers of cases of orthorexia [3,12,13,16,19,20,22,23,28,29].…”

Measuring Pathological and Nonpathological Orthorexic Behavior: Validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) among Polish Adults

“…However, this relationship is not as clear in male students, where aspects of body image are not associated with orthorexic behaviors. Further research is needed to better understand the causal relationships and gender differences involved [ 40 , 45 , 47 ].…”

“…The ORTO-R scale is a revised version of the ORTO-15 questionnaire, and the revised version has better psychometric properties. Moreover, a univariate structure with good reliability has been confirmed in large sample studies [ 40 ].…”