Psychometric properties of the Persian-version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale and Fall Efficacy Scale-International in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis

Monjezi, Saeideh; Negahban, Hossein; Tajali, Shirin; Mofateh, Razieh; Molhemi, Farshad; Mostafaee, Neda

doi:10.1080/09593985.2019.1658247

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This inverse relationship between ABC-U and FES-I-U scores, where higher ABC-U scores indicate better confidence and higher FES-I-U scores suggest lower confidence, confirms excellent concurrent validity (29,30). (12,24,31). These differences could be attributed to variations in physical activity levels and the prevalence of walking aid use among these populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…It is a 16-item, self-assessment instrument that gauges the confidence level (0 to 100%) of individuals in maintaining balance during different activities. The ABC scale was developed through consultations with physical and occupational therapists and their elderly clients, focusing on activities deemed essential for independent living but posing a risk of instability (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In 2019, an adaptation of the ABC scale was translated into Arabic, incorporating psychometric testing for older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Translation and Psychometric Analysis of Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (Abc-U) and Fall Efficacy Scale International (Fes-I-U) in Elderly

Suleman,

Janjua,

Shaukat

et al. 2024

JHRR

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Background: With the increasing elderly population globally, understanding and managing fear of falling and balance issues have become paramount, especially in countries like Pakistan. The Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale is a widely recognized tool for assessing these concerns in older adults. However, there was a need for a version adapted to the Urdu-speaking population. Objective: The study aimed to translate the ABC scale into Urdu and assess its psychometric properties to provide a reliable tool for evaluating fear of falling and balance confidence in Pakistani older adults. Methods: This analytical study involved a sample of 120 elderly individuals, selected through non-probability convenience sampling from PAF Hospital Islamabad and local communities. Inclusion criteria were individuals aged 60 years or above, capable of walking with or without aid, and proficient in Urdu. Those with known pathologies affecting balance, psychological issues, vision impairments, or a history of fractures were excluded. The English version of the ABC scale was translated into Urdu following the COSMIN guidelines. Psychometric testing included evaluating internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Results: The Urdu version of the ABC scale showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.90). The Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) for the complete tool was 2.40, with individual components ranging from 3.55 to 11.2. The Minimal Detectable Change (MDC95) for the full scale score was 6.4. Concurrent validity, assessed through correlation with the Fall Efficacy Scale International Urdu version (FES-I-U), revealed a strong negative relationship (r = -0.80, p < 0.0001). The mean normative value of self-perceived balance confidence among participants was 70.5. Conclusion: The study successfully translated and validated the ABC scale into Urdu, providing a reliable and valid tool for assessing fear of falling and balance confidence among Urdu-speaking older adults in Pakistan. This adaptation is crucial for culturally sensitive geriatric care and fall prevention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation and Psychometric Analysis of Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (Abc-U) and Fall Efficacy Scale International (Fes-I-U) in Elderly

Suleman,

Janjua,

Shaukat

et al. 2024

JHRR

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“…ABC-6 and ABC-16 scores were positively correlated with the BBS, indicating that balance confidence may reflect balance ability to some extent. 38,39 In addition to the BBS, other performance-based balance measures, such as the Timed Up and Go test, Timed one-leg stance test, and 10-meter timed walk test also showed strong correlations with ABC-6 or ABC-16 scores. 37,39,40 These findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of the ABC-6 and ABC-16 to the risk assessment of falls in the older adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chinese Short Version of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale: Its Validity, Reliability, and Predictive Value for Future Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Zhang¹,

Tian²,

Gao³

et al. 2022

CIA

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To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese short version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC-6), and its predictive value for prospective falls in community-dwelling older adults. Patients and Methods: A total of 391 community older adults completed the prospective study. Internal consistency reliability, testretest reliability, structural validity and discriminant validity were analyzed. To determine the accuracy of ABC-6 total score in predicting falls, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed, and comparisons with the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC-16) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were made. Results: Excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.938) and test-retest reliability (ICC=0.964, 95% CI: 0.947-0.977) were found for the ABC-6. Exploratory factor analysis suggested that ABC-6 had a one-factor structure (explained variance, 68.30%). The optimal cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity of ABC-6 to distinguish fallers from non-fallers was ≤ 60.00%, 70.83% and 84.26%, respectively, and there was no significant difference in the predictive value among the ABC-6, ABC-16, and BBS. Conclusion:The Chinese version of the ABC-6 scale was a valid and reliable tool for measuring self-perceived balance confidence in community-dwelling older adults, and can be used as an effective assessment tool to predict future falls.

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“…Balance confidence is usually measured by the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) [ 35 ]. FES-I is the most commonly used tool for measuring FOF [ 36 ]; it was adapted from the Falls Efficacy Scale in 2005 [ 37 ] and was validated in stroke patients [ 38 ]. FES-I contains 16 activities of both primary and demanding, physical and social [ 37 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between fear of falling and fall risk among older patients with stroke: a structural equation modeling

Chen,

Du,

Song

et al. 2023

BMC Geriatr

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Background With reduced balance and mobility, older patients with stroke are more susceptible to fear of falling (FOF). A maladaptive form of FOF can cause excessive activity restriction, poor balance, and recurrent falls, forming a self-reinforcing vicious cycle. This study applied and adapted the FOF model to investigate the interaction between FOF and fall risk in older stroke patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 older stroke patients aged 60 and over. All participants were invited to complete the FOF, fall risk, physical activity, and balance tests, which were measured by the Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), Self-Rated Fall Risk Questionnaire (FRQ), the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-LF) and the Four-Stage Balance Test (FSBT) respectively. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results The mean age of the respondents was 68.62 ± 7.62 years; 8.94% reported a high level of FOF, and 18.21% reported a moderate level of FOF. The structural equation model showed that FOF was directly associated with fall risk (β=-0.38, p < 0.001), and was indirectly associated with fall risk via physical activity (β=-0.075, p < 0.05) and balance ability (β=-0.123, p < 0.05). Depression (β=-0.47, p < 0.001), fall history (β=-0.13, p < 0.05), and female sex (β=-0.16, p < 0.05) affected FOF, while anxiety was not associated with FOF. Conclusions The increased risk of falling in older stroke patients results from a maladaptive FOF affected by depression, fall history, poor balance ability, and limited physical activity. Our results suggest that greater attention should be paid to FOF during stroke recovery and fall prevention. A multifaced intervention program encompassing physiological and psychological factors should be designed to address FOF and prevent falls.

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Psychometric properties of the Persian-version of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale and Fall Efficacy Scale-International in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Translation and Psychometric Analysis of Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (Abc-U) and Fall Efficacy Scale International (Fes-I-U) in Elderly

Translation and Psychometric Analysis of Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale (Abc-U) and Fall Efficacy Scale International (Fes-I-U) in Elderly

The Chinese Short Version of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale: Its Validity, Reliability, and Predictive Value for Future Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Relationship between fear of falling and fall risk among older patients with stroke: a structural equation modeling

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