Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire Short-Form (CSFQ-14) in Patients with Severe Mental Disorders

Abstract

Introduction Sexual dysfunction in patients with severe mental disorders is often underestimated or overlooked by psychiatrists. A brief and valid self-report instrument for assessing sexual functioning may well contribute to changing this situation. Aims To validate the Short Form of the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) in Spanish patients with severe mental disorders. Methods Naturalistic, cross-sectional, multicenter, validation study. Eighty-nine patients with schizophrenia and 82 with bipolar disorder were evaluated using the CSFQ-14, the Visual Analogue Scale for Sexual Functioning Satisfaction (VAS-SFS), and the Clinical Global Impression—Severity scales for mental disorders (CGI-S) and for Sexual Dysfunction (CGI-SSD). Main Outcome Measures The 14-item Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire. Results Internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha)=0.90. Construct validity=3 principal components, of which the first, arousal-orgasm, explained 46.4% of the total variance. Convergent validity: Pearson correlation coefficients between CSFQ-14 and VAS-SFS=0.33 (P <0.01) and between CSFQ-14 and CGI-SDS=−0.71 (P <0.01). Discriminant validity: The CSFQ-14 was able to discriminate among patients with no, mild, moderate, and severe sexual dysfunction according to CGI-SDS scores, both in males (P <0.001) and females (P <0.001). In males, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.833 and a cutoff point of 49 provided a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 59.5%. In females, the AUC was 0.834 and a cutoff point of 43 provided a sensitivity of 91.9% and a specificity of 62.5%. Conclusion The Spanish version of the CSFQ-14 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing sexual functioning in patients with severe mental disorders. As a brief, self-rated instrument, the CSFQ-14 scale seems to be appropriate for use in everyday clinical practice as a means of identifying and monitoring changes in sexual functioning.

Sexual Function Assessment in Postmenopausal Women with the 14-Item Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire

“…Rate of women at risk for sexual dysfunction may vary in function of used tool from 20% to 45% in the general female popu- Table 3 Rho Spearman coefficient correlations between MRS (total and subscales), CSFQ-14 (total and scales) and CESD-10 total scores (N = 117) lation [13,14,28,31,34] and 35% to 75% in menopausal samples [30,31,[34][35][36][37]. CSFQ-14 scores of our sample were similar, although not completely comparable, to those reported for Spanish women with either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder [17]. In addition to the most obvious difference in mental health status, as compared to our population, they were younger, married only in 44.6%, and with no mention of menopausal status.…”

“…CSFQ‐14 scores of our sample were similar, although not completely comparable, to those reported for Spanish women with either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder [17]. In addition to the most obvious difference in mental health status, as compared to our population, they were younger, married only in 44.6%, and with no mention of menopausal status.…”

A clinical staging model for bipolar disorder: longitudinal approach

“…Assessments were identical at baseline and at 3-year follow-up and included: (1) demographic and clinical information obtained from the clinical records of the patients (clinical course and specific characteristics of BD, psychiatric and physical comorbidities, officially recognized disability, and psychopharmacological treatments); (2) psychometric assessment: (2a) clinician-rated outcome measures (CROMs): Spanish versions of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) 23 , Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) 24 , Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) 25 , Clinical Global Impression (CGI) 26 , Oviedo Sleep Questionnaire (OSQ) 27 , Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ) 28 , Scale for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) 29 , Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) 30 , lipid profile (cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides), glucose, hepatic function (GPT, GOT, GGT, bilirubin), renal function (creatinine, BUN), hormones (PRL, TSH), and inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers (CRP, homocysteine)] were collected (for further detail, see Fuente-Tomas et al 21 ).…”

Sexual Functioning in Spanish and Portuguese Young Adults: Initial Validation of the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale

“…Of the large number of instruments that have been developed for the assessment of sexual function in English-speaking contexts, only a few of them are available in Spanish and Portuguese language. Some of the existing ones are long and intrusive (Pechorro, Diniz, Almeida, & Vieira, 2009;Bobes et al, 2000); were designed to specifically assess sexual function in either men or women (IIEF; Quinta Gomes & Nobre, 2012); or have been validated or used only in clinical samples (Ávila Escribano, Pérez Madruga, Olazábal Ulacia, & López Fidalgo, 2004;García-Portilla et al, 2011;. McGahuey et al (2000) developed the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) as a valid, reliable, short, easy-to-use, nonintrusive and with clinical utility.…”