Psychometric Properties of the Urdu Translation of Berg Balance Scale in People with Parkinson’s Disease

Kashif, Muhammad; Ahmad, Ashfaq; Bandpei, Muhammad Ali Mohseni; Gilani, Syed Amir; Iram, Humaira; Farooq, Maryam

doi:10.3390/ijerph19042346

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…A number of neurological disorders, including PD, are associated with balance impairments. [65] The findings of recent review are in line with the previous SRs on Stroke and Alzheimer’s disease, [66,67] proposing that conventional physiotherapy intervention is inferior to VR technology in improving balance and other subject impairments. Several studies trained patients by using somatosensory game software, and a few studies used traditional exercises as a basis for VR technology application.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Systematic review of the application of virtual reality to improve balance, gait and motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease

et al. 2022

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Background: Virtual reality (VR) is an advanced technique used in physical rehabilitation of neurological disorders, however the effects of VR on balance, gait, and motor function in people with Parkinson's (PD) are still debated. Therefore, the systematic review aimed to determine the role of VR on motor function, balance and gait in PD patients.Methods: A comprehensive search to identify similar randomised controlled trials was conducted targeting 5 databases including Web of Science, PubMed, CINHAL, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database. A total of 25 studies were found eligible for this systematic review, and the methodological assessment of the quality rating of the studies was accomplished using the physiotherapy evidence database scale by 2 authors.Results: Out of the 25 included studies, 14 studies reported on balance as the primary outcome, 9 studies were conducted to assess motor function, and 12 assessed gait as the primary outcome. Most studies used the Unified Parkinson disease rating scale UPDRS (part-III) for evaluating motor function and the Berg Balance Scale as primary outcome measure for assessing balance. A total of 24 trials were conducted in clinical settings, and only 1 study was home-based VR trainings. Out of 9 studies on motor function, 6 reported equal improvement of motor function as compared to other groups. In addition, VR groups also revealed superior results in improving static balance among patient with PD.Conclusion: This systemic review found that the use of VR resulted in substantial improvements in balance, gait, and motor skills in patients with PD when compared to traditional physical therapy exercises or in combination with treatments other than physical therapy. Moreover, VR can be used as a supportive method for physical rehabilitation in patients of PD. However, the majority of published studies were of fair and good quality, suggesting a demand for high quality research in this area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Systematic review of the application of virtual reality to improve balance, gait and motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease

et al. 2022

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“…A number of characteristics contribute to the feasibility of implementing the most widely recommended tools (i.e., BBS, 6MWT, TUG, or 10mWT): they have been highly recommended for use in multiple settings across the care continuum ( 103 ), they are free to use, easy to score, administration time is less than 15 min, and the tools do not require specialized training or equipment ( 104 ). In addition, versions of the BBS are available in many languages (e.g., Brazilian-Portuguese ( 105 ), English ( 106 ), German ( 107 ), Japanese ( 108 ), Norwegian ( 109 ), Persian ( 110 ), Spanish ( 111 ), Turkish ( 112 ), and Urdu ( 113 )). Despite the availability of stroke-specific protocols for administering the 10mWT and 6MWT ( 114 ), there are challenges with their implementation in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized tools for assessing balance and mobility in stroke clinical practice guidelines worldwide: A scoping review

Santos

Fiedler²,

Badwal³

et al. 2023

Front. Rehabil. Sci.

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BackgroundUse of standardized tools to assess balance and mobility limitations is a recommended practice in stroke rehabilitation. The extent to which clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for stroke rehabilitation recommend specific tools and provide resources to support their implementation is unknown.PurposeTo identify and describe standardized, performance-based tools for assessing balance and/or mobility and describe postural control components challenged, the approach used to select tools, and resources provided for clinical implementation, in CPGs for stroke.MethodsA scoping review was conducted. We included CPGs with recommendations on the delivery of stroke rehabilitation to address balance and mobility limitations. We searched seven electronic databases and grey literature. Pairs of reviewers reviewed abstracts and full texts in duplicate. We abstracted data about CPGs, standardized assessment tools, the approach for tool selection, and resources. Experts identified postural control components challenged by each tool.ResultsOf the 19 CPGs included in the review, 7 (37%) and 12 (63%) were from middle- and high-income countries, respectively. Ten CPGs (53%) recommended or suggested 27 unique tools. Across 10 CPGs, the most commonly cited tools were the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (90%), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (80%), Timed Up and Go Test (80%) and 10-Meter Walk Test (70%). The tool most frequently cited in middle- and high-income countries was the BBS (3/3 CPGs), and 6MWT (7/7 CPGs), respectively. Across 27 tools, the three components of postural control most frequently challenged were underlying motor systems (100%), anticipatory postural control (96%), and dynamic stability (85%). Five CPGs provided information in varying detail on how tools were selected; only 1 CPG provided a level of recommendation. Seven CPGs provided resources to support clinical implementation; one CPG from a middle-income country included a resource available in a CPG from a high-income country.ConclusionCPGs for stroke rehabilitation do not consistently provide recommendations for standardized tools to assess balance and mobility or resources to facilitate clinical application. Reporting of processes for tool selection and recommendation is inadequate. Review findings can be used to inform global efforts to develop and translate recommendations and resources for using standardized tools to assess balance and mobility post-stroke.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/, identifier: 10.17605/OSF.IO/6RBDV.

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“…downs et al [37] conducted research to study the BBS and reported that this tool was widely accepted and commonly used because it required less equipment and a shorter duration than other options. in addition, in 2022, Kashif et al [38] demonstrated that the Urdu version of the BBS is a reliable and valid tool with excellent psychometric properties for assessing balance in patients with Parkinson's disease. The BBS has a high relative reliability with an inter-rater reliability of approximately 0.97 (95% Ci 0.96-0.98) and an intra-rater reliability of 0.98 (95% Ci 0.97-0.99) and is generally recognised and frequently used, requiring less equipment and a short period of time [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical rehabilitation for Parkinson’s disease: assessment and treatment preferences of physical therapists

Kashif,

Mustafa,

Bunyad

et al. 2023

Physiother Quart.

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IntroductionPatients with Parkinson’s disease are often prescribed physical therapy. Physiotherapists often assist Parkinson’s disease patients with assessment and treatment, but little is known about the assessment tools and interventions they use. Additionally, physical therapists do not consistently integrate standard outcome measures and treatment procedures into their practices. Consequently, this study was carried out to determine physical therapists’ preferences for assessment and treatment of Parkinson’s disease.MethodsFive hundred questionnaires were distributed to physiotherapists working in clinical settings. Overall, 446 physiotherapists responded to the survey and returned the questionnaires. Questionnaires with incomplete information were excluded from the survey. In total, 418 physiotherapists participated in the study, of whom 324 saw PD patients in their clinical practice.ResultsOverall, 446 physiotherapists responded to the survey and returned the questionnaires. Questionnaires with incomplete information were excluded from the survey. In total, 418 physiotherapists participated in the study, of whom 324 saw PD patients in their clinical practice. Study participants included 43.8% male PTs and 56.2% female PTs with an average age of 30.02 ± 5.38 years. The Berg balance scale for balance assessment was preferred by 220 (67.9%), the Mini Mental State Examination for cognitive assessment was preferred by 317 (97.8%), and the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale was preferred by 168 (51.85%) PTs. Neurological PTs employed PNF (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) to decrease stiffness, and exercise and task-focused training for functional training. Virtual Reality and Motor Imagery were also known by 56.6% and 62.4% of PTs, respectively, although only 4.8% and 1.85% used them.ConclusionsStudy results revealed that most physiotherapists follow routine assessment and treatment protocols and do not implement innovative technology in the physical rehabilitation of patients with Parkinson’s disease.

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Psychometric Properties of the Urdu Translation of Berg Balance Scale in People with Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 50 publications

Systematic review of the application of virtual reality to improve balance, gait and motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease

Systematic review of the application of virtual reality to improve balance, gait and motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease

Standardized tools for assessing balance and mobility in stroke clinical practice guidelines worldwide: A scoping review

Physical rehabilitation for Parkinson’s disease: assessment and treatment preferences of physical therapists

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