Psychometric property study of the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in Chinese healthcare workers during the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019

Cheng, Peng; Xu, Li; Wang, Zheng; Ng, Roger M. K.; Zhang, Li; Li, Ling Jiang; Li, Wei Hui

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.038

Cited by 58 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…All items were summed to provide a total score, with higher scores suggesting more severe PTSD symptoms. The PCL-5 was validated in Chinese healthcare workers during the outbreak of COVID-19 (Cheng et al, 2020), and the Cronbach's alpha was 0.94 in the current sample. (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) The PTGI is a 21-item self-report measure designed for assessing positive outcomes reported by people who have experienced adverse life events including bereavement.…”

Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist For Dsm-5 (Pcl-5) (Blevins Weathers Davis Witte and Domino 2015)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Profiles of grief, post-traumatic stress, and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19

Chen

Tang

2021

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: COVID-19 deaths elevate the prevalence of prolonged grief and post-traumatic stress symptoms among the bereaved, yet few studies have examined potential positive outcomes. Moreover, how COVID-19 bereavement affects individual-level mental health outcomes is under-researched. Objective: This is the first study to use latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify heterogeneous profiles of prolonged grief, post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19 and to identify predictors of latent class membership. Methods: Four hundred and twenty-two Chinese participants who were bereaved due to COVID-19 completed an online survey between September and October 2020. The survey included the International (ICD-11) Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS), the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). LPA was run in Mplus, and the 3-step auxiliary approach was used to test the predicting effects of potential predictors of latent class membership identified with chi-square tests and ANOVAs. Results: Four latent profiles were identified: resilience (10.7%), growth (20.1%), moderatecombined (42.2%) and high-combined (27.0%). The bereaved who shared a close relationship with the deceased and identified COVID-19 as the fundamental cause of death were more likely to be in the high-combined group. A conflictful bereaved-deceased relationship reduces the chance of being in the growth group. Moreover, the death of a younger person and loss of a partner attributed to maladaptive outcomes. Conclusions: Serious attention needs to be paid to the mental health issues of people bereaved due to COVID-19 because nearly 70% of this group would have a moderatecombined or high-combined symptom profile. Special care should be given to those who lost someone younger, lost a partner or shared a close relationship with the deceased. Grief therapies that work on the conflicts between the deceased and the bereaved and unfinished business can be applied to facilitate growth. Perfiles de duelo, estrés postraumático y crecimiento postraumático entre las personas en duelo debido al COVID-19Antecedentes: Las muertes por COVID-19 elevan la prevalencia de síntomas de duelo prolongado y estrés postraumático entre las personas en duelo, sin embargo, pocos estudios han examinado los posibles resultados positivos. Además, la forma en que el duelo por COVID-19 afecta los resultados de salud mental a nivel individual está poco investigada. Objetivo: Este es el primer estudio que utiliza el análisis de perfil latente (LPA) para identificar perfiles heterogéneos de duelo prolongado, estrés postraumático y crecimiento postraumático entre personas en duelo debido al COVID-19 y para identificar predictores de pertenencia a una clase latente. Métodos: Cuatrocientos veintidós participantes chinos que estaban en duelo debido a COVID-19 completaron una encuesta en línea entre septiembre y octubre de 2020. La encuesta incluyó la Escala Internacional de Trastorno por ...

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Section: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist For Dsm-5 (Pcl-5) (Blevins Weathers Davis Witte and Domino 2015)mentioning

confidence: 90%

Profiles of grief, post-traumatic stress, and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19

Chen

Tang

2021

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…This study was conducted as a companion to our published study in August 2020 ( 17 ). A convenience sample of family members of frontline medical staff from the Second Xiangya Hospital, affiliated with the Central South University in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China was the population in which our sample was drawn from.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was one of the designated hospitals by the Chinese government to admit febrile patients to rule out 2019-nCoV infection. The initial previous study sample of frontline workers is also described in full in our previous work ( 17 ). All participants were family members of these frontline medical residents or clinical lab specialists at a high risk of infection and psychological stress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Items scores are summed to yield a total score ranging from 0 to 80. The psychometric properties of the Chinese version of this measure for use in frontline workers was documented in our previous publication ( 17 ). Given its strong validity as a screening measure of PTSD symptoms, it was used as the “gold standard” to determine the classification accuracy of the Chinese version of the PC-PTSD-5 used in the current study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychometric Properties of the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5: Findings From Family Members of Chinese Healthcare Workers During the Outbreak of COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Background: Minimal research has examined utility of PC-PTSD-5 in family members of frontline medical workers. The aims of our study were to develop and elucidate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the PC-PTSD-5 and to determine its usefulness in screening for possible PTSD in relatives of Chinese healthcare workers during the COVID-19.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional research in the relatives of medical staffs working in a general hospital during the COVID-19. Descriptive analysis was used to characterize demographic information of family members to find factors associated with PTSD symptoms. For reliability test, the internal consistency of PC-PTSD-5 was accessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. A validity test was assessed by Pearson's correlation between scales. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the optimal cutoff score with the maximum Youden Index in this study.Results: The result of demographic information indicated that gender and the type of work undertaken by medical staff in the family have a potential impact on the PTSD symptoms of medical staff's family members. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of PC-PTSD-5 was 0.83, indicating the high reliability. Good validity was also demonstrated by Pearson coefficient. By calculating the Youden index, a cutoff score of 2 was found to be optimal in our study, with sensitivity of 80.74% and specificity of 88.43%.Conclusions: Our study has demonstrated the robust psychometric strengths of the PC-PTSD-5, introducing a reliable tool for screening PTSD among vulnerable and neglected families of these medical workers.

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“…The validations were mostly undertaken on US veterans, but some were on other clinical groups: HIV positive patients, addicted patients, recipients of bone marrow transplant, women with breast cancer, mothers of pediatric cancer survivors [2]. Noteworthy are validations of the Chinese version of PCL-5 on frontline healthcare workers in the outbreak of COVID-19 by Cheng et al [4], and of the Portuguese version on firefighters by Carvalho et al [5], and of the German version on a heterogenous sample of persons who experienced trauma in the form of physical assaults, or traffic accidents, other accidents, sexual assaults, combat, or natural disasters [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) on Patients Injured in Car Accidents

Cernovsky

Fattahi

Litman

et al. 2021

EJMED

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Background: The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5), is presently the most widely used psychological measure of PTSD along the criteria of DSM-5. We examined the criterion validity of PCL-5 separately for each of its 20 items by comparing scores of patients injured in high impact motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) to scores of persons in a control group. In addition, we evaluated criterion and convergent validity of the PCL-5 total scores. Method: De-identified data of 80 post-MVA patients (mean age 38.9 years, SD=12.8) included their scores on the PCL-5, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Rivermead Post-concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, Subjective Neuropsychological Symptoms Scale (SNPSS), ratings of depression, anger, and anxiety (Items 10 to 12 of the Whiplash Disability Questionnaire), and three questionnaire measures of driving anxiety (Steiner’s, Whetstone’s, and DAQ). The patients were assessed, on the average, 49.7 weeks (SD=36.3) after their MVA, but all still experienced active post-MVA symptoms requiring therapy. The PCL-5 scores were also available from 21 controls (mean age 43.0 years, SD=20.3). Results and Discussion: With respect to criterion validity of the PCL-5, the post-MVA patients differed significantly from the control group not only with respect to their total PCL-5 scores, but also on all 20 individual items of the PCL-5, and also on all 4 subscales of PCL-5 (Intrusion, Avoidance, Altered Cognitions/Mood, and Arousal). The PCL-5 total scores correlated significantly to all three measures of post-MVA driving anxiety, post-MVA pain and insomnia, post-MVA depression, anger, and generalized anxiety, and to post-MVA subjective neuropsychological symptoms in the post-concussion and whiplash spectrum. Conclusions: Both the criterion and convergent validity of the PCL-5 for the use on post-MVA patients are excellent.

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Psychometric property study of the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in Chinese healthcare workers during the outbreak of corona virus disease 2019

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Profiles of grief, post-traumatic stress, and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19

Profiles of grief, post-traumatic stress, and post-traumatic growth among people bereaved due to COVID-19

Psychometric Properties of the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5: Findings From Family Members of Chinese Healthcare Workers During the Outbreak of COVID-19

Validation of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) on Patients Injured in Car Accidents

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