Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving

Costello, Mary Jean; Viel, C.; Li, Yao; Oshri, Assaf; MacKillop, James

doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108127

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) [136] provides another family with the quantity of its variations: seven versions and translations [137][138][139][140][141][142]. It proposes a measure of the characteristics of craving, and not of the dimensions that it could be composed of: intensity, frequency and duration.…”

Section: Conceptual Relationships Between the Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring craving: A systematic review and mapping of assessment instruments. What about sexual craving?

Miele

Cabé

et al. 2023

Addiction

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Background and aimsCraving is central in the definition of addictive disorders because of its diagnostic and prognostic value. Its measurement is essential in clinical practice. Previous reviews provided a better overview of existing instruments; however, they do not consider emerging substances and behaviors such as sexual addictions. Our objectives were threefold: (1) to provide a systematic review of craving assessment instruments and their psychometric characteristics within a transdiagnostic approach, (2) to highlight and map their conceptual relationships and (3) to identify potential sexual craving assessment instruments.MethodsThe review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. The PubMed, Embase, PsychInfo and Cochrane/Central databases were searched for publications that met the following inclusion criterion: validation studies of craving assessment instruments, regardless of target substance or behavior. The original search identified 4561 references and included 147 articles. Each selected study was a peer‐reviewed publication.ResultsThis review provides a synthesis of the psychometric properties of 36 original instruments and identified 93 variations of these instruments (e.g. translations). We were able to highlight five transdiagnostic families of instruments, each corresponding to a conceptual model. Only one instrument for assessing craving in the domain of compulsive sexual behavior, focused on pornography use, has been identified: the Pornography Craving Questionnaire.ConclusionThis review mapped all craving assessment instruments from a transdiagnostic perspective, finding 36 original instruments and 93 variations. The evolution of instruments to measure craving mirrors the evolution of the concept of craving which has progressively integrated cognitive, conditioning and sensory dimensions, and attests to the importance of the context of assessment. Development of an instrument to measure ‘sexual craving’ is needed and could be based on the data from our review.

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Section: Conceptual Relationships Between the Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring craving: A systematic review and mapping of assessment instruments. What about sexual craving?

Miele

Cabé

et al. 2023

Addiction

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At inclusion, one week, and one month after the third- and final treatment session, masked assessor evaluations were performed on alcohol consumption using Timeline Follow back (TLFB) ( 29 ) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) ( 30 ), while unmasked patient reported assessments were conducted on cue-induced craving before, during (maximum), and after each VR-Exposure evaluated on a Visual Analogue Scale (0 = no craving and 10 = most intense imaginable craving) ( 31 ), Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) ( 32 ), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) ( 33 ), Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) ( 34 ), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) ( 35 ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) ( 36 ). To determine simulator sickness from VR, the self-reported Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) was used unmasked ( 37 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual reality-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with alcohol use disorder: a randomized feasibility study

Thaysen-Petersen,

Hammerum,

Vissing

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Exposure to high-risk situations in virtual reality (VR) has been suggested to have a potential therapeutical benefit, but no previous study has combined VR and CBT for AUD. We aimed to investigate the feasibility of using VR-simulated high-risk environments in CBT-based treatment of AUD.MethodsWe randomized ten treatment-seeking AUD-diagnosed individuals to three sessions of conventional CBT or VR-assisted CBT performed at two outpatient clinics in Denmark. In each session, patients randomized to VR-CBT were exposed to VR-simulations from a restaurant to induce authentic thoughts, emotions, physiological reactions, and craving for CBT purposes. The primary outcome measure was feasibility: Drop-out rate, psychological reactions, and simulator sickness. Secondary outcomes were assessment of preliminary short-term changes in alcohol consumption and craving from baseline to one-week and one-month follow-up. In addition, the study was conducted for training in operationalization of VR equipment, treatment manuals, and research questionnaires.ResultsThe majority of patients completed all study visits (90%). VR induced authentic high-risk related thoughts, emotions, and physiological reactions that were considered relevant for CBT by patients and therapists. Four of five patients randomized to VR-CBT experienced cravings during VR simulations, and most of these patients (3/5) experienced mild simulator sickness during VR exposure. The preliminary data showed that patients receiving VR-CBT had more reduction in alcohol consumption than patients receiving conventional CBT at one week- (median 94% vs. 72%) and one-month follow-up (median 98% vs. 55%). Similar results were found regarding changes in cravings.ConclusionWe demonstrated VR-CBT to be a feasible intervention for patients with AUD which supports continued investigations in a larger randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of VR-CBT.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04990765?cond=addiction%20CRAVR&rank=2, identifier NCT05042180.

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“…Craving. Aggregated Penn Craving Scale (ADCS 33 ) is an adaptation of the Pennsylvania alcohol cravings scale. 34 It is a measure of craving for psychoactive substance use.…”

Section: Assessment Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Clinical Heterogeneity in a Large Inpatient Addiction Treatment Sample: Confirmatory Latent Profile Analysis and Differential Levels of Craving and Impulsivity

et al. 2022

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Background: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) have highly heterogeneous presentations and identifying more homogeneous subgroups may foster more personalized treatment. This study used SUD and other psychiatric indicators to characterize latent subgroups of patients in a large inpatient addiction treatment program. The resulting subgroups were then analyzed with respect to differences on clinically informative motivational mechanisms. Methods: Patients (n = 803) were assessed for severity of SUD (ie, alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder), post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, and major depressive disorder. Confirmatory latent profile analysis (CLPA) was used to identify latent subgroups, hypothesizing 4 subgroups. Subgroups were then characterized with respect to multiple indicators of impulsivity (ie, delay discounting and impulsive personality traits via the UPPS-P) and craving. Results: The CLPA confirmed the hypothesized 4-profile solution according to all indicators (eg, entropy = 0.90, all posterior probabilities ⩾.92). Profile 1 (n = 229 [32.2%], 24.9% female, median age in range of 45-49) reflected individuals with high alcohol severity and low psychiatric severity (HAlc/LPsy). Profile 2 (n = 193 [27.1%], 29.3% female, median age in range of 35-39) reflected individuals with high drug and psychiatric severity (HDrug/HPsy). Profile 3 (n = 160 [22.5%], 37.6% female, median age in range of 45-49) reflected individuals with high alcohol severity and psychiatric severity (HAlc/HPsy). Profile 4 (n = 130 [18.3%], 19.4% female, median age in range of 35-39) reflected individuals with high drug severity and low psychiatric severity (HDrug/LPsy). Both high comorbid psychiatric severity subgroups exhibited significantly higher craving and facets of impulsivity. Conclusions: The results provide further evidence of 4 latent subgroups among inpatients receiving addiction treatment, varying by alcohol versus other drugs and low versus high psychiatric comorbidity. Furthermore, they reveal the highest craving and impulsivity in the high psychiatric comorbidity groups, suggesting targets for more intensive clinical intervention in these patients.

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Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Measuring craving: A systematic review and mapping of assessment instruments. What about sexual craving?

Measuring craving: A systematic review and mapping of assessment instruments. What about sexual craving?

Virtual reality-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with alcohol use disorder: a randomized feasibility study

Characterizing Clinical Heterogeneity in a Large Inpatient Addiction Treatment Sample: Confirmatory Latent Profile Analysis and Differential Levels of Craving and Impulsivity

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