Psychomotor performance and antihypertensive treatment.

Kalra, L; Swift, Cameron; Jackson, S. H. D.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04256.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Such studies, in combination with EMG recording, will allow us to better understand altered central-to-peripheral mechanisms related to both motor and the defining symptoms of ASD. Lastly, antihypertensive and antidepressant medications have unclear effects on psychomotor functioning, with studies documenting both improvement and decline [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]. However, it is unlikely performance was impacted in participants taking either of these medications given that these medications appear to have minimal effect on basic motor functioning and peripheral processes [ 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Force Variability Is Associated with Altered Modulation of the Motorneuron Pool Activity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Wang

Kwon

Mohanty

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Force control deficits have been repeatedly documented in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They are associated with worse social and daily living skill impairments in patients suggesting that developing a more mechanistic understanding of the central and peripheral processes that cause them may help guide the development of treatments that improve multiple outcomes in ASD. The neuromuscular mechanisms underlying force control deficits are not yet understood. Seventeen individuals with ASD and 14 matched healthy controls completed an isometric index finger abduction test at 60% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) during recording of the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle to determine the neuromuscular processes associated with sustained force variability. Central modulation of the motorneuron pool activation of the FDI muscle was evaluated at delta (0–4 Hz), alpha (4–10 Hz), beta (10–35 Hz) and gamma (35–60 Hz) frequency bands. ASD patients showed greater force variability than controls when attempting to maintain a constant force. Relative to controls, patients also showed increased central modulation of the motorneuron pool at beta and gamma bands. For controls, reduced force variability was associated with reduced delta frequency modulation of the motorneuron pool activity of the FDI muscle and increased modulation at beta and gamma bands. In contrast, delta, beta, and gamma frequency oscillations were not associated with force variability in ASD. These findings suggest that alterations of central mechanisms that control motorneuron pool firing may underlie the common and often impairing symptoms of ASD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Force Variability Is Associated with Altered Modulation of the Motorneuron Pool Activity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Wang

Kwon

Mohanty

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…Some studies comparing cognition in treated and untreated hypertension have suggested that untreated hypertension may be associated with cognitive deficits that improve with treatment. Such deficits have been seen primarily in attention, psychomotor speed (16,28) and tests of executive function including the Trails Making Test (29). These deficits which are primarily in ÔsubcorticalÕ cognitive functions have been reported to improve both in observational studies (30,31) and in randomized controlled trials (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment and white matter damage in hypertension: a pilot study

Hannesdóttir¹,

Nitkunan²,

Charlton³

et al. 2009

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

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“…Nevertheless, the effects of antihypertensive treatments on cognitive function are still a matter of debate. In the literature, few double‐blind placebo controlled studies have been devoted to the analysis of central nervous system (CNS) effects induced by antihypertensive agents [6–8]. The Syst‐Eur Vascular Dementia Trial recently showed that antihypertensive drug treatment could reduce the incidence of dementia by 50%: treatment of 1000 elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension with a calcium‐channel blocker, nitrendipine, in first‐line medication for 5 years was estimated to have prevented 19 cases of dementia in addition to 53 major cardiovascular events [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nicardipine and clonidine on cognitive functions and electroencephalography in hypertensive patients

Denolle¹,

Sassano

Allain

et al. 2002

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive and electroencephalography (EEG) short-term effects of a calcium antagonist, nicardipine, compared to placebo and clonidine (which, having known sedative effects, acted as a negative control) for 15 days in elderly hypertensive patients with memory complaints. Nicardipine and clonidine were compared with placebo in a double-blind, randomized, three-way cross-over controlled study after a 2-week placebo run-in period. This was a phase II clinical study carried out on out-patients in a single research centre. Fifteen elderly (63 +/- 10 years) hypertensive patients, without dementia but with memory complaints, were included. Psychomotor performance and cognition were assessed using both an extensive battery of validated psychometric tests (which evaluated attention and vigilance, body sway and memory) and an EEG profile. Cardiovascular parameters measured were blood pressure and heart rate. No detrimental effects of nicardipine were found on attention, vigilance, body sway or memory. Nicardipine produced a significant increase in alpha EEG energies, which may indicate possible alerting effects. In contrast, clonidine induced well-known deleterious sedative effects in psychometric tests and in EEG analysis (decrease in alpha and increase in delta and theta waves). The two drugs produced equivalent decreases in blood pressure at steady state. In conclusion, clonidine induced well-known sedative effects, while nicardipine did not impair central nervous system activity and may have had some short-term alerting effects in elderly hypertensive patients with memory complaints. This study supports the hypothesis of a dissociation between blood pressure and direct drug effects on the central nervous system.

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Psychomotor performance and antihypertensive treatment.

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Increased Force Variability Is Associated with Altered Modulation of the Motorneuron Pool Activity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Increased Force Variability Is Associated with Altered Modulation of the Motorneuron Pool Activity in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Cognitive impairment and white matter damage in hypertension: a pilot study

Effects of nicardipine and clonidine on cognitive functions and electroencephalography in hypertensive patients

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