Psychomotor slowing and planning deficits in schizophrenia

Jogems-Kosterman, B.J.M.; Zitman, Frans G.; Hoof, J.J.M. van; Hulstijn, Wouter

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00097-9

Cited by 91 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…This alteration in the speed-accuracy trade-off has been demonstrated in the two previous studies (Turner et al, 2003a;Turner et al, 2004) and accords with theories of reflection in which performance is impaired due to a deficit in utilizing available information before making a decision (Evenden, 1999). Patients with schizophrenia tend to plan their actions less in advance and have less sophisticated planning strategies (Jogems-Kosterman et al, 2001). It has been claimed that the tendency to accept beliefs on the basis of inadequate information processing may contribute to delusions in patients with schizophrenia (Garety et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Modafinil Improves Cognition and Attentional Set Shifting in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia

Turner

Clark

Pomarol‐Clotet

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

240

172

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Modafinil, a novel cognitive enhancer, selectively improves neuropsychological task performance in healthy volunteers and adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It has been argued that persistent cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia are responsible for the failure of many patients to rehabilitate socially even when psychotic symptoms are in remission. The present study examined the potential of modafinil as a cognitive enhancer in schizophrenia. Twenty chronic patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were entered into a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study using a 200 mg dose of modafinil. Modafinil had some cognitive enhancing properties in schizophrenia similar to those observed in healthy adults and adult patients with ADHD. Improvement was seen on short-term verbal memory span, with trends towards improved visual memory and spatial planning. This was accompanied by slowed response latency on the spatial planning task. No effect on stop-signal performance was seen. Importantly, significant improvement in attentional set shifting was seen, despite no effect of modafinil on this task being seen in healthy volunteers or ADHD patients. Modafinil may have potential as an important therapy for cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia, particularly because of its beneficial effects on attentional set shifting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Modafinil Improves Cognition and Attentional Set Shifting in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia

Turner

Clark

Pomarol‐Clotet

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

240

172

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“…These results are consistent with those of previous studies showing a general psychomotor slowing in patients with schizophrenia. 13 Longer initiation times for more complex tasks suggest increased difficulties in preplanning the entire sequence before its initiation; however, when the task was more difficult, patients in our study did not seem to use more initiation time to memorize and plan the required actions. Similarly, using "grip" actions, Delevoye-Turrell and colleagues 34 have shown that patients with schizophrenia are characterized by an abnormal allocation profile: more attention was allocated for execution than for planning.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…These observations are consistent with those in studies demonstrating that complexity increased planning def icits. 13,14,16 A study using the Tower of London task 16 mentioned the possibility that patients with schizophrenia may not plan the required sequence of actions fully in advance; this hypothesis was supported by their finding that these patients needed more moves to complete the trials and produced fewer perfect solutions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have provided evidence of psychomotor slowing and planning deficits in patients with schizophrenia. Jogems-Kosterman and colleagues 13 reported that patients with schizophrenia were slower than controls in copying tasks. This slowing was found in initiation time (i.e., before starting an action) and in movement time (i.e., during the execution period).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye movements during natural actions in patients with schizophrenia

Delerue

Hayhoe²,

Boucart³

2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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“…Previous studies showed that different brain processes linked to future events such as foresight (15), anticipation (16)(17)(18) and planning (19)(20)(21)(22) are impaired in schizophrenia patients. However, it was revealed that people with schizophrenia are able to employ different precue information (including a probabilistic one) to produce faster reaction time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response preparation and intra-individual reaction time variability in schizophrenia

Dankinas

Mėlynytė

Šiurkutė

et al. 2016

AML

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Background. It is important to prepare response in advance to increase the efficiency of its execution. The process of response preparation is usually studied using the precueing paradigm. In this paradigm subjects have to employ the preceding information about further imperative stimulus to perform proper response preparation, which shortens the reaction time of subsequent response execution. Previous studies detected the impairment of response preparation in schizophrenia only with the help of electroencephalographic parameters, but not with the assessing of reaction time. Therefore, in this study we attempted to find a behavioural parameter that could detect impairment in response preparation of schizophrenia patients. It was recently found that appropriate response preparation not only shortens the reaction time but also increases its stability, which is measured with the intra-individual reaction time variability. It was also revealed that response stability could better find cognitive dysfunction in some studies of schizophrenia disorder than classical behavioural parameters. Hence, the main goal of this study was to verify if intra-individual reaction time variability could detect the impairment of response preparation in schizophrenia patients.Materials and methods. In order to achieve the main purpose, we carried out a study with 14 schizophrenia patients and 14 control group subjects. We used precueing paradigm in our research, in which participants had to employ information about stimulus probability for the proper response preparation.Results. Our main result showed that despite the responses of schizophrenia patients were faster to the high-probability stimulus than to the low-probability one (F (1, 13) = 30.9, p < 0.001), intra-individual reaction time variability did not differ in this group between the responses to more and less probable stimuli (F (1, 13) = 0.64, p = 0.44).Conclusions. Results of the study suggest that people with schizophrenia were able to use precueing probabilistic information only to shorten their reaction time, but not to increase response stability. Therefore, it was found that intra-individual reaction time variability parameter could detect response preparation impairment in schizophrenia, and could be used in clinical purposes.

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Psychomotor slowing and planning deficits in schizophrenia

Cited by 91 publications

References 74 publications

Modafinil Improves Cognition and Attentional Set Shifting in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia

Modafinil Improves Cognition and Attentional Set Shifting in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia

Eye movements during natural actions in patients with schizophrenia

Response preparation and intra-individual reaction time variability in schizophrenia

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