Psychopathic traits in adolescents are associated with higher structural connectivity

Pape, Louise E.; Cohn, Moran D.; Caan, Matthan W.A.; Wingen, Guido van; Brink, Wim van den; Veltman, Dick J.; Popma, Arne

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.07.023

Cited by 37 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Consequently, inefficient communication within the gamma frequency band may specifically reflect disruptions within this network, rather than a more general breakdown in short‐range communication. While these more narrow interpretations are consistent with prior research linking psychopathic traits with disrupted connectivity within both the default mode (Glenn et al, ; Motzkin et al, ; Philippi et al, ) and frontoparietal networks (Philippi et al, ), they fail to explain the nature of the widespread connectivity abnormalities associated with individuals high on psychopathic traits (Carre et al, ; Cohn et al, ; Finger et al, ; Glenn et al, ; Hoppenbrouwers et al, ; Koenigs et al, ; Motzkin et al, ; Pape et al, ; Philippi et al, ; Yang et al, ; Yoder et al, ). Regardless of the specific interpretation, however, the current findings clearly demonstrate that individuals high on factor 1 traits exhibit less efficient integration of information (either globally, or within specific networks), which, in turn, may lead to the information processing deficits characteristic of individuals high on factor 1 traits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Across studies using these traditional connectivity methods, individuals high on psychopathic traits exhibit widespread disruptions in neural communication. For example, individuals high on psychopathic traits exhibit connectivity abnormalities between discrete brain regions (Finger et al, ; Hoppenbrouwers et al, ; Motzkin et al, ; Pape et al, ; Yoder et al, ), within and between major neural networks (Carre et al, ; Cohn et al, ; Glenn et al, ; Philippi et al, ), and between cortical hemispheres (Hoppenbrouwers et al, ; Raine et al, ). While psychopathic traits are consistently associated with aberrant neural connectivity, the directionality of these differences is not always consistent, particularly when examining the subcomponent traits of psychopathy (Carre et al, ; Pape et al, ; Philippi et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychopathic traits are differentially associated with efficiency of neural communication

et al. 2018

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Recent advances in the application of graph theory made it possible to quantify the efficiency of communication within a neural network, going beyond traditional connectivity methods that only identify the degree to which neural regions are connected. Psychopathic traits, namely, interpersonal-affective and impulsive-antisocial traits, have been linked to widespread and distinct disruptions in neural connectivity. The efficiency of neural communication for individuals high on these psychopathic traits, though, is unknown. In the present study, resting-state EEG was used to generate a connectivity matrix (i.e., weighted phase lag index) for multiple frequency bands. These connectivity matrices were examined using minimum spanning tree analysis, a graph theory approach that allows for the examination of neural efficiency, and regressed on Self-Report Psychopathy-Short Form scores (n = 158, unselected community sample). Results indicated that individuals with higher interpersonal-affective traits had significantly less efficient communication within alpha1 (i.e., long-range neural communication) and gamma (i.e., short-range neural communication) frequency bands. Conversely, individuals with higher impulsive-antisocial traits had more efficient communication within these same frequency bands. Overall, elevated psychopathic traits were related to alterations in the basic efficiency of neural communication. Moreover, this unique application of graph analysis provides a new avenue for inquiry into the mechanisms underlying the chronic and severe behavior of individuals with psychopathic traits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathic traits are differentially associated with efficiency of neural communication

et al. 2018

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“…Two studies support the notion that elevated psychopathic traits are linked to decreased regional gray matter volume (Cope, Ermer, Nyalakanti, Calhoun, & Kiehl, ; Ermer, Cope, Nyalakanti, Calhoun, & Kiehl, ; see also Pardini, Raine, Erickson, & Loeber, ). An additional two studies support a link between elevated psychopathic traits and increased white matter/brain tissue volume in certain areas (Pape et al., ; Yang et al., ). Single studies support UF FA/Dperp abnormality (Sarkar et al., ) and a larger cavum septum pellucidum (White, Brislin, et al., ; CD only).…”

Section: Biological and Psychophysiological Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Research Review: What do we know about psychopathic traits in children?

Salekin

2017

Child Psychology Psychiatry

162

173

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While the construct appears to be valid, future work should broaden its focus from callous unemotional traits to all three dimensions of the construct, enhance measurement precision, and examine dimension interactions. Such research could have important implications for CD specification for future versions of the DSM and ICD and speed etiological knowledge and clinical care for youth with conduct problems.

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“…All juvenile offenders had to fulfill criteria for CD with at least one aggressive symptom (e.g., used a weapon, has been physically cruel to people, has stolen while confronting a victim). Consonant with recent neurobiological work on juvenile psychopathy [Cohn et al, 2014, 2015; Fairchild et al, 2013; Marsh et al, 2008; Pape et al, 2015], the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) [Andershed et al, 2002] was used to assess psychopathic traits in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders. The YPI is a widely used instrument composed of 50 self‐report items that assess adult psychopathy‐like personality traits in juveniles, with adequate validity and reliability [Neumann and Pardini, 2014; Pihet et al, 2014; Poythress et al, 2006].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociable relations between amygdala subregional networks and psychopathy trait dimensions in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders

Aghajani

Colins

Klapwijk

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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Psychopathy is a serious psychiatric phenomenon characterized by a pathological constellation of affective (e.g., callous, unemotional), interpersonal (e.g., manipulative, egocentric), and behavioral (e.g., impulsive, irresponsible) personality traits. Though amygdala subregional defects are suggested in psychopathy, the functionality and connectivity of different amygdala subnuclei is typically disregarded in neurocircuit‐level analyses of psychopathic personality. Hence, little is known of how amygdala subregional networks may contribute to psychopathy and its underlying trait assemblies in severely antisocial people. We addressed this important issue by uniquely examining the intrinsic functional connectivity of basolateral (BLA) and centromedial (CMA) amygdala networks in relation to affective, interpersonal, and behavioral traits of psychopathy, in conduct‐disordered juveniles with a history of serious delinquency (N = 50, mean age = 16.83 ± 1.32). As predicted, amygdalar connectivity profiles exhibited dissociable relations with different traits of psychopathy. Interpersonal psychopathic traits not only related to increased connectivity of BLA and CMA with a corticostriatal network formation accommodating reward processing, but also predicted stronger CMA connectivity with a network of cortical midline structures supporting sociocognitive processes. In contrast, affective psychopathic traits related to diminished CMA connectivity with a frontolimbic network serving salience processing and affective responding. Finally, behavioral psychopathic traits related to heightened BLA connectivity with a frontoparietal cluster implicated in regulatory executive functioning. We suggest that these trait‐specific shifts in amygdalar connectivity could be particularly relevant to the psychopathic phenotype, as they may fuel a self‐centered, emotionally cold, and behaviorally disinhibited profile. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4017–4033, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Psychopathic traits in adolescents are associated with higher structural connectivity

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Psychopathic traits are differentially associated with efficiency of neural communication

Psychopathic traits are differentially associated with efficiency of neural communication

Research Review: What do we know about psychopathic traits in children?

Dissociable relations between amygdala subregional networks and psychopathy trait dimensions in conduct‐disordered juvenile offenders

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