“…Often, they experience instability or trauma during childhood, abusive or troublesome relationships in adulthood, and low (real or perceived) social status (Boughton & Falenchuk, 2007;Bunkle, 2009;Petry & Steinberg, 2005;Specker, Carlson, Edmonson, Johnson & Marcotte, 1996). As a result, another reason women often turn to gambling is for a temporary sense of empowerment (Bunkle, 2009;Casey, 2008).…”