Psychopathy and Narcissism

Lynam, Donald R.

doi:10.1002/9781118093108.ch24

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In general, relatively little is known about whether narcissism is associated with over or underreporting patterns on measures of narcissism, personality, or psychopathology as few measures of narcissism include validity scales, which may be problematic (see Al-Dajani, Gralnick, & Bagby, 2016; McGee Ng et al, 2016 for a review of these kinds of issues). Although it is possible that narcissistic individuals may be less willing or able (e.g., in terms of insight) to report these traits (cf., Konrath, Meier, & Bushman, 2014), we believe this is relatively unlikely as these concerns have been evaluated in psychopathy—a more problematic but significantly related personality disorder construct (e.g., Lynam, 2011; Paulhus & Williams, 2002). Studies of these issues in psychopathy have found that self and informant reports tend to be substantially related and that there are relatively small mean differences in the level of traits reported across self and informant ratings (e.g., Miller, Hyatt, Rausher, Maples, & Zeichner, 2014; Miller, Jones, & Lynam, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on narcissism has become increasingly common as the construct has been related to a number of negative psychological and behavioral outcomes including interpersonal dysfunction (Miller, Campbell, & Pilkonis, 2007; Ogrodniczuk, Piper, Joyce, Steinberg, & Duggal, 2009), counterproductive workplace behavior (Penney & Spector, 2002), aggression (Bushman & Baumeister, 2002; Maples et al, 2010), and problematic “neighbor” disorders or personality styles such as psychopathy (Lynam, 2011) and Machiavellianism (Paulhus & Williams, 2002). Narcissism is related to adaptive outcomes at times too, including leadership related outcomes (e.g., Brunell et al, 2008; Watts et al, 2013; cf., Judge, LePine, & Rich, 2006), ratings of popularity in early acquaintanceships (Back, Schmukle, & Egloff, 2010; Paulhus, 1998), and perceptions of attractiveness (Dufner, Rauthmann, Czarna, & Denissen, 2013; Rauthmann & Kolar, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Validation of the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale and creation of reduced item variants.

Crowe

Carter

Campbell

et al. 2016

Psychological Assessment

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The Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale (NGS) is a short adjective-based measure of narcissistic grandiosity (Rosenthal, Hooley, & Steshenko, 2007). The NGS has already shown promise as a measure of grandiose narcissism, but it has never been the subject of a formal validation study. In the current study (N = 870 across 3 samples), the factor structure of NGS was examined and item response theory analyses were used to generate abbreviated versions of the scale. The NGS scales' relations to measures of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, the five-factor model (FFM), the interpersonal circumplex, self-esteem, and the Personality Inventory of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5, PID-5) were assessed. The correlation profile of the NGS was also correlated with expert ratings of prototypical cases of narcissistic personality disorder using both the FFM and PID-5 trait profiles. Overall, the NGS was found to be a unidimensional measure of narcissistic grandiosity with good convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity. The abbreviated versions of the NGS manifested strong reliability and associations entirely consistent with the full version. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Validation of the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale and creation of reduced item variants.

Crowe

Carter

Campbell

et al. 2016

Psychological Assessment

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“…Although both groups with psychopathy report similar interpersonal/affective scores in the PCL-R Factor 1, PsyNP displayed fewer aspects of antisociality (lower scores in the lifestyle/antisocial Factor 2), which may make them appear more functional or even to have abilities and talents that can be advantageous for their adaptation in their social environment [31]. Some authors consider that there is a close correspondence between psychopathy and narcissism traits [32] and that this association may depend on the measurement used for both constructs [33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathic Disorder Subtypes Based on Temperament and Character Differences

Martínez-López

Medina-Mora

Robles-García

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The concept of psychopathy has shifted from people who commit crimes to those with a particular personality and deviant behaviors. Although antisocial personality disorder is associated with psychopathy, it also seems common in individuals with narcissistic personality traits. Psychopathy may be the expression of earlier, persistent patterns of individual characteristics as personality. The psychobiological model of personality can be useful for determining whether the expression of psychopathy differs in accordance with personality dimensions and specific personality disorders. The aim was to compare temperament and character dimensions between individuals with psychopathy with comorbid predominant antisocial or narcissistic personality traits and control subjects and to determine which dimensions distinguish these groups. Control subjects (n = 80) and individuals with psychopathy (n = 80) were assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist-Reviewed, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Reward dependence and Self-Directedness distinguish psychopathic individuals with predominant narcissistic personality traits whereas Novelty Seeking and Self-Transcendence characterize those with antisocial personality traits. Individuals with antisocial or narcissistic psychopathy could be identified by their temperament and character traits. The expression of psychopathy differed in accordance with biologically based, environmentally shaped personality traits.

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“…Nacissism could be functional and has been described as a "mixed blessing" [20]. Given the psychological dynamics of the narcissist, it is more likely they are to be psychopathic [21]. Their behavioural activation system (BAS) may override their behavioural inhibition system (BIS), when they seek validation.…”

Section: Interestingly Narcissism Likely Relies On the Well-known Phenomenon Of Attribution Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their behavioural activation system (BAS) may override their behavioural inhibition system (BIS), when they seek validation. That is to say, the narcissist is apt to engage in risky behaviour to achieve their ends [14,[20][21][22][23]. In a study, Carson 2011 considered how self-perceptions, other's perceptions, and meta-perceptions (how one thinks others see them) differ for narcissists than from the general population.…”

Section: Interestingly Narcissism Likely Relies On the Well-known Phenomenon Of Attribution Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Psychological Accounting of a Modern Luddite: Ted Kaczynski AKA the Unabomber

Gupta¹

2018

PPRS

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Personality disordered are grouped together under three clusters in the DSM-5. Cluster A deals with the paranoid and schizoid; Cluster B the anti-social, borderline, and NPD; and finally, Cluster C houses the avoidant, dependant, and obsessive-compulsive types. Narcissistic personality disorder is "a pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behaviour), need for admiration, and lack of empathy beginning in early childhood and present in a variety of contexts" [2]. Some examples of the traits are thus: Reacting to criticism with feelings of rage; interpersonally exploitative, taking advantage of others; exaggerating achievements and talents, as well as having a sense of superiority (e.g., ethnocentrism or collective narcissism [3,4]; belief that oneself is unique and only understood by special people (e.g., "(a) she is special, and therefore (b) there are certain classes of people she shouldn't have to deal with, such as those viewed as poor or dirty" [5]); preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited power, brilliance, beauty, ideal love; feeling entitled, (e.g., "not having to wait in line"); requiring constant attention and admiration (desire for self-esteem); lacking empathy; deficient in communal orientation; struggling with intimacy and attachment; and preoccupied with feelings of envy [1,6].It has been conjectured that narcissism is part of dynamic with fragility [7-9]. In a paper, "Behind the Mask: Narcissism and Explicit Self-Esteem," [10] suggest that for the narcissist, high explicit self-esteem (which deliberate and controllable) acts as a mask concealing a fragile self in constant need of validation (i.e., low implicit self-esteem, which is automatic and uncontrollable). NPD is a coping mechanism for shame, to conceal implicit feelings of inadequacy, often projected on to others, co-existing with feelings of grandiosity [6,9]. "As a result, individuals with fragile self-esteem are defensive and highly reactive to events that threaten their positive attitudes towards themselves" [10]. They are more at prey to changing circumstances because of their inner fragility [11,12,4].For attachment theorists, early life experiences are said to have an enduring effect on personality organization, providing protective or risk factors for mental well-being. Attachment representations are formed (i.e., internal working models) activated in specific circumstances that shape experiences and guide behaviour in interpersonal situations, becoming implicit. Attachment influences:

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Psychopathy and Narcissism

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Validation of the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale and creation of reduced item variants.

Validation of the Narcissistic Grandiosity Scale and creation of reduced item variants.

Psychopathic Disorder Subtypes Based on Temperament and Character Differences

A Psychological Accounting of a Modern Luddite: Ted Kaczynski AKA the Unabomber

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