Psychopharmacological interventions in autism spectrum disorder

Accordino, Robert E.; Kidd, Christen L.; Politte, Laura C.; Henry, Charles A.; McDougle, Christopher J.

doi:10.1517/14656566.2016.1154536

Cited by 101 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…Elevations in blood levels of neurotransmitters and their derivatives are common in autism [15]. The primary existing pharmacologic compounds that have demonstrated efficacy in autism have been found to decrease irritability and have modes of action based on down regulating neurotransmitter receptors [16].…”

Section: Hypothesis Sulfur Compounds In Autism Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant sulfur compounds: potential therapies for autism?

Bittker¹

2016

J Autism

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Many of those with autism have biochemistry that is characterized by high levels of oxidative stress and low levels of sulfur antioxidants. Of the small set of compounds which have been shown to have some efficacy in double-blind trials in treating some aspects of autism, four are sulfur containing compounds with antioxidant properties. Specifically these four have been found to be efficacious with statistical significance in double-blind trials in autism: n-acetylcysteine, sulforaphane, l-carnitine, and a multivitamin containing methyl-sufonyl-methane and n-acetylcysteine. Each of these compounds has antioxidant properties, and there are other sulfur containing compounds with antioxidant properties which case studies suggest may have some efficacy in autism as well. The over-representation of sulfur containing antioxidants in the set of compounds that have been found to be therapeutic for autism as well as the indications of therapeutic potential of others, and the low levels of sulfur compounds and high oxidative stress that are often seen in autism biochemistry suggest that sulfur deficits are often fundamental to autism etiology, and sulfur containing antioxidants are worthy of additional study as a class of therapeutics for autism.

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Section: Hypothesis Sulfur Compounds In Autism Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant sulfur compounds: potential therapies for autism?

Bittker¹

2016

J Autism

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“…Current available treatment options are largely based on addressing comorbid psychiatric, neurological, or medical conditions, as core symptoms of autism are often refractory to current pharmaco-therapeutic options (Ji and Findling 2015). Thus, many attempts to develop novel treatments have been driven towards ameliorating the core features with hopes to possibly change the natural course of the illness (Accordino et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smartphone Apps for Autism Spectrum Disorder—Understanding the Evidence

Kim

Nguyen

Gipson

et al. 2017

J. technol. behav. sci.

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“…Here, we review some of the physiology-and pharmacology-based interventions for ASD along with recent-advances in ASD treatment and their effectiveness in treating ASD. These include selective serotonin receptor-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs, stimulants, dietary supplements, and special diets [7,8]. Very limited data are currently available regarding the long-term effectiveness and side-effects of these treatments for ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacobiological Treatments in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Jayaraman¹,

Mundkur²

2017

IJCRR

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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) refer to a group of neuro-developmental disorders affecting young children and adults. Currently, the treatment options for ASD are mostly restricted to treating its symptoms. Among the various approaches for treating ASD, pharmacobiology-based treatments are numerous. Our objective is to review the up-to-date information on different types of medications and briefly discuss the evidence-based potential of these treatments in ASD therapy. PubMed searches for reports and reviews on clinical data from the last 15 years, between 2002-2017, using search terms of each category of treatment along with the terms "autism", "mechanism", and/or "side effects" were conducted. Several pharmacobiological interventions have been prescribed for ASD, including antipsychotics, stimulants, antidepressants, supplements, and special diets. However, none of these methods is an effective ASD treatment, and only few show much promise. We provide a brief overview of the current pharmacobiological treatments for ASD, their mechanisms of action, and clinical research-based evidence on their effectiveness. Based on our review, we recommend that caution should be exercised when choosing a pharmacobiological treatment method for ASD as majority of existing evidence is not from large-scale long-term high quality studies.Future research should focus on rigorous investigative design, long-term implementation, and meaningful uniform outcome measurements.

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Psychopharmacological interventions in autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 101 publications

References 145 publications

Antioxidant sulfur compounds: potential therapies for autism?

Antioxidant sulfur compounds: potential therapies for autism?

Smartphone Apps for Autism Spectrum Disorder—Understanding the Evidence

Pharmacobiological Treatments in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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