Psychopharmacology of Self-injury

Singh, Nirbhay N.; Singh, Yadhu N.; Ellis, Cynthia R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9130-2_12

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Most importantly, this stressor led to a longterm increase in self-biting behavior in the SIB group, as well as complex adaptations in the HPA axis involving changes in both circulating cortisol and CBG. Although various behavioral and pharmacological therapies have been developed for the treatment of SIB in humans (11,54,55), consistency of results and long-term efficacy remain to be established. Therefore, elucidating the factors that give rise to and maintain SIB is an important step in both preventing and treating this disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, SIB is not restricted to individuals suffering from psychiatric or genetic disorders, as approximately 4% of the general population engages in various forms of this behavioral pathology that typically involve cutting, scratching or burning (10). The heterogeneity of SIB with respect to both the form of expression of the pathology and its incidence has made it difficult to develop effective treatment strategies (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rhesus Monkey Model of Self-Injury: Effects of Relocation Stress on Behavior and Neuroendocrine Function

Davenport

Lutz

Tiefenbacher³

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

139

119

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Our results indicate that relocation is a significant stressor for rhesus macaques and that this stressor triggers an increase in self-biting behavior as well as sleep disturbance in monkeys previously identified as suffering from SIB. These findings suggest that life stresses may similarly exacerbate SIB in humans with this disorder. The HPA axis results underscore the potential role of CBG in regulating long-term neuroendocrine responses to major stressors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rhesus Monkey Model of Self-Injury: Effects of Relocation Stress on Behavior and Neuroendocrine Function

Davenport

Lutz

Tiefenbacher³

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

139

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Clinical research related to this hypothesis has focused on the opiate antagonists, naloxone and naltrexone. However, findings with both drugs have been extremely mixed (see Singh, Singh, & Ellis, 1992, for a recent review).…”

Section: Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis Methodology: Some Closing Comments

Iwata

1994

J of App Behav Analysis

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Functional analysis methodologies have emerged as powerful tools in research on the assessment and treatment of severe behavior disorders. Although the defining feature of these approaches is the systematic identification of environmental determinants of behavior, research methodology has varied widely with respect to the arrangements used to demonstrate experimental control as well as the types of variables subject to analysis. This commentary summarizes methodological and conceptual issues that have been raised in current research and offers some suggestions for their resolution.DESCRIPTORS: functional analysisThe research and commentaries contained in this issue ofJABA highlight the many uses to which functional analysis methodologies have been put and suggest a number of interesting avenues for future research. Having read all of the manuscripts during the editing process, I was left with the fear that not much remained to be said. However, in our own research and during frequent discussions with students and colleagues, a number of methodological and conceptual questions often arise, several of which either were not addressed in the current papers or were exemplified in ways that may not be immediately apparent (i.e., although the question might be inferred from the data, it was not a central aspect of the study). My commentary, therefore, will focus selectively on some personal concerns about the current status of research on functional analysis methodologies.' Increasing ComplexityOur initial attempts to develop an experimental approach to behavioral assessment met with a num-I am thankful to my students, whose relentless and probing questions often served as the occasion for me to express many of the views presented here, and to Nancy Neef, whose gracious invitation to participate in the organization of this special issue served as an inducement to get my words onto paper.Reprints may be obtained from Brian

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“…Given the heterogeneity of conditions and disorders associated with SIB in humans, it is likely that self-injury has more than one etiology and does not simply represent a single entity or syndrome (30; 31). Indeed, the heterogeneity of SIB has contributed to the difficulty in finding effective treatment paradigms for this disorder (32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiology and neurochemistry of self-injurious behavior: a nonhuman primate model

Tiefenbacher

Novak²,

Lutz³

et al. 2005

Front Biosci

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Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a serious behavioral condition that afflicts millions of individuals in the United States alone. The underlying factors contributing to the development of self-injury in people are poorly understood, and existing treatment strategies for this condition are limited. A low but persistent percentage of socially reared individually housed rhesus monkeys also spontaneously develop SIB. Data obtained from colony records suggest that the risk of developing SIB in socially reared rhesus monkeys is heightened by adverse early experience and subsequent stress exposure. The present review summarizes the physiological and neurochemical findings obtained in this nonhuman primate model of SIB, focusing on monoamine neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and neuroendocrine systems. The results indicate that monkeys with SIB exhibit long-lasting disturbances in central and peripheral opioid and stress response systems, which lead to increased levels of anxiety. Based on these findings, we propose an integrated developmental-neurochemical hypothesis in which SIB arises from adverse life events in a subset of vulnerable monkeys, is maintained by a persisting dysregulation of several neurochemical and physiological systems, and functions to periodically reduce anxiety when the levels of anxiety become excessive. Implications of this hypothesis for understanding self-injury in patients with borderline personality disorder and members of the general population are discussed.

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Psychopharmacology of Self-injury

Cited by 17 publications

References 76 publications

A Rhesus Monkey Model of Self-Injury: Effects of Relocation Stress on Behavior and Neuroendocrine Function

A Rhesus Monkey Model of Self-Injury: Effects of Relocation Stress on Behavior and Neuroendocrine Function

Functional Analysis Methodology: Some Closing Comments

The physiology and neurochemistry of self-injurious behavior: a nonhuman primate model

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