Psychophysical Assessment of Chemosensory Disorders in Clinical Populations

Murphy, Claire; Anderson, John M.; Markison, Stacy

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-68355-1_251

Cited by 51 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A synopsis of the clinical measures for each head injured patient is presented in Table 2 [14,4] a nonverbal, non-lexically-based measure of olfactory function. It consists of eight common odors, such as chocolate and peanut-butter.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Head Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olfactory dysfunction: A sequela of pediatric blunt head trauma

Sandford

Davidson

Herrera

et al. 2006

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Head Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists of eight common odors, such as chocolate and peanut-butter. All odorants were presented as common items in undiluted form and had been previously determined to be highly identifiable and distinctly distinguishable by children [14]. None were irritants in this form.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Head Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfactory dysfunction: A sequela of pediatric blunt head trauma

Sandford

Davidson

Herrera

et al. 2006

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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“…Odor identification was assessed using the San Diego Odor Identification Test (Murphy, Anderson, & Markison, 1994;Murphy, et al, 2002), which is a nonverbal, picture-based measure of olfactory identification. The stimuli were eight common household odors (e.g., chocolate, coffee) presented in opaque jars.…”

Section: Odor Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments in source memory for olfactory and visual stimuli in preclinical and clinical stages of Huntington's disease

Pirogovsky

Gilbert

Jacobson

et al. 2007

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Individuals in preclinical and clinical stages of Huntington's disease (HD) demonstrate impairments in olfactory functioning. In addition, HD patients are impaired in source memory for verbal stimuli. A task combining both source and odor memory may be particularly sensitive to early changes in HD. The present study examined source and item memory for olfactory and visual stimuli in 10 individuals with HD, 10 asymptomatic HD gene carriers, 8 nongene carriers who had a parent with HD, and 20 normal controls. During the study phase, a male and a female experimenter (sources) presented odors and objects to the participant in an alternating sequence. To assess item memory, a stimulus from the study phase (target) and a novel stimulus (distractor) were presented, and the participant was asked to choose the target. To assess source memory, the experimenter presented a stimulus and asked whether the male or female experimenter had previously presented the stimulus. Results indicate that source memory for both visual and olfactory stimuli was impaired in HD patients compared to normal controls. In asymptomatic gene carriers, however, source memory for olfactory stimuli, but not visual stimuli, was more impaired than in nongene carriers and normal controls. Furthermore, gene carriers and HD patients showed a similar degree of impairment in source memory for olfactory stimuli. The only significant impairment found in item memory was for olfactory stimuli in HD patients. These results suggest that source memory for olfactory stimuli may be particularly sensitive to neuropathological changes in preclinical stages of HD.

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“…The San Diego Odor Identification Test (Murphy et al, 1994a) employs a series of eight common natural odors (e.g., coffee, chocolate, peanut butter) presented in opaque, odorless, glass jars. Odors are presented individually for 5 s with a 45-s interstimulus interval to minimize adaptation (Ekman et al, 1967).…”

Section: San Diego Odor Identification Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left hippocampal volume loss in Alzheimer's disease is reflected in performance on odor identification: A structural MRI study

Murphy

Jernigan

Fennema-Notestine

2003

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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120

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The very high sensitivity and specificity of odor identification tasks in discriminating between Alzheimer's patients and normals suggests that they reflect the presence of underlying neuropathology. Significant neuropathological changes are seen in areas critical to processing olfactory information, even in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study was designed to investigate whether performance on olfactory tasks (odor threshold and odor identification) was related to volumetric MRI measures of mesial temporal areas central to olfactory information processing and important in the neuropathology of AD. Participants were 8 male and 5 female patients with probable AD, and 10 male and 12 female normal age-matched controls, diagnosed at the UCSD Alzheimer's Disease Research Center. The study investigated correlations between volumetric measures of hippocampus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the amygdala, and the psychophysical measures of olfactory function. Robust relationships were observed between mesial temporal lobe volumes and olfactory functional measures. The finding of a strong relationship between left hippocampal volume and performance on the odor identification task (r 5 .85) is compatible with a left-hemisphere superiority for verbally mediated olfactory tasks. The findings suggest a neural substrate for the breakdown in functional performance on verbally mediated odor identification tasks in Alzheimer's disease and suggest the utility of quantitative MRI measures and psychophysical performance in the assessment of AD. These results support the potential clinical utility of inclusion of odor identification tests in diagnostic batteries for detecting AD. (JINS, 2003, 9, 459-471.)

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Psychophysical Assessment of Chemosensory Disorders in Clinical Populations

Cited by 51 publications

References 15 publications

Olfactory dysfunction: A sequela of pediatric blunt head trauma

Olfactory dysfunction: A sequela of pediatric blunt head trauma

Impairments in source memory for olfactory and visual stimuli in preclinical and clinical stages of Huntington's disease

Left hippocampal volume loss in Alzheimer's disease is reflected in performance on odor identification: A structural MRI study

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