Psychophysical assessment of the perceived slipperiness of floor tile surfaces in a laboratory setting

Cohen, H. Harvey; Cohen, Daniel M.

doi:10.1016/0022-4375(94)90004-3

Cited by 46 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, it seems that learning took place while walking over the contaminated floor surfaces and as a result all participants, including the elderly, discriminated dangerous slippery situations more closely to the DCOF of floor surfaces. These results are in agreement with a previous study [15] indicating that tactile cues are more sensitive to physical measurements of dynamic COF and visual cues to slipperiness are inferior to tactile sensation. Thus, in unfamiliar conditions, people may rely on the primary but inferior visual information about a surface's traction until they actually walk on it.…”

Section: Slip Initiationsupporting

confidence: 93%

An integrated approach towards identifying age-related mechanisms of slip initiated falls

Lockhart

2008

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The causes of slip and fall accidents, both in terms of extrinsic and intrinsic factors and their associations are not yet fully understood. Successful intervention solutions for reducing slip and fall accidents require a more complete understanding of the mechanisms involved. Before effective fall prevention strategies can be put into practice, it is central to examine the chain of events in an accident, comprising the exposure to hazards, initiation of events and the final outcome leading to injury and disability. These events can be effectively identified and analyzed by applying epidemiological, psychophysical, biomechanical and tribological research principles and methodologies. In this manuscript, various methods available to examine fall accidents and their underlying mechanisms are presented to provide a comprehensive array of information to help pinpoint the needs and requirements of new interventions aimed at reducing the risk of falls among the growing elderly population.

show abstract

Section: Slip Initiationsupporting

confidence: 93%

An integrated approach towards identifying age-related mechanisms of slip initiated falls

Lockhart

2008

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These approaches have explored initial events from slip onset to foot slide, as well as subsequent events from loss of balance until falling. The output estimates have comprised, among others, perceived sense of slip and slip distance evaluations, slipperiness ratings, heel velocity measurements, heel and trunk acceleration and postural instability measurements, and falling frequency estimations , Leamon and Son 1989, Myung et al 1993, Cohen and Cohen 1994a, b, Hirvonen et al 1994, Chiou et al 2000. Other approaches have focused on kinematics (spatial movement of the body) and kinetics (ground reaction forces, utilized and required friction) of slipping and falling (Strandberg and Lanshammar 1981, Morach 1993, Redfern and Rhoades 1996, Hanson et al 1999, Brady et al 2000, You et al 2001 or electromyographic (EMG) activity of compensatory muscle responses during simulated slipping (Tang et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-centred approaches in slipperiness measurement

Grönqvist¹,

Abeysekera²,

Gard³

et al. 2001

Ergonomics

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A number of human-centred methodologies-subjective, objective, and combined-are used for slipperiness measurement. They comprise a variety of approaches from biomechanically-oriented experiments to psychophysical tests and subjective evaluations. The objective of this paper is to review some of the research done in the field, including such topics as awareness and perception of slipperiness, postural and balance control, rating scales for balance, adaptation to slippery conditions, measurement of unexpected movements, kinematics of slipping, and protective movements during falling. The role of human factors in slips and falls will be discussed. Strengths and weaknesses of human-centred approaches in relation to mechanical slip test methodologies are considered. Current friction-based criteria and thresholds for walking without slipping are reviewed for a number of work tasks. These include activities such as walking on a level or an inclined surface, running, stopping and jumping, as well as stair ascent and descent, manual exertion (pushing and pulling, load carrying, lifting) and particular concerns of the elderly and mobility disabled persons. Some future directions for slipperiness measurement and research in the field of slips and falls are outlined. Human-centred approaches for slipperiness measurement do have many applications. First, they are utilized to develop research hypotheses and models to predict workplace risks caused by slipping. Second, they are important alternatives to apparatus-based friction measurements and are used to validate such methodologies. Third, they are used as practical tools for evaluating and monitoring slip resistance properties of foot wear, anti-skid devices and floor surfaces.

show abstract

“…Even under controlled laboratory conditions, shine is more difficult to study than other sources of visual information for surface perception. Shine perception is affected by multiple subject variables (prior knowledge about the viewing surfaces, awareness of lighting conditions, differential weighting of intensity, clarity, distinctness of the reflected image, and the like), multiple environmental variables (surface color, texture, and illumination conditions), and variations in the observer/environment interface (viewing distance, viewing angle, and observer movement; see Braun & Braun, 1995; Cohen & Cohen, 1994a, 1994bNishida & Shinya, 1998;Pfund, 1930;Sève, 1993). From a functional standpoint, shine may fail to provide a helpful cue for friction because differentiation of gloss levels occurs too late in the walking sequence for prospective control.…”

Section: Why Is Shine Not a Reliable Visual Cue For Low-friction Condmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the large literature on the biomechanics of slipping, to date, only a handful of studies have investigated walkers' visual judgments of friction conditions. The sparse collection of findings suggests that walkers are prone to errors about the likelihood of slipping, even when judging familiar surfaces and contaminants (Cohen & Cohen, 1994a, 1994bLockhart, Woldstad, Smith, & Ramsey, 2002). For example, after watching experimenters slosh water over several familiar ground coverings, participants' visual judgments about the effects of the contaminant were not always consistent with their tactile judgments (Cohen & Cohen, 1994a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why walkers slip: Shine is not a reliable cue for slippery ground

Joh

Adolph

Campbell

et al. 2006

Perception & Psychophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a series of four studies, we investigated the visual cues that walkers use to predict slippery ground surfaces and tested whether visual information is reliable for specifying low-friction conditions. In Study 1, 91% of participants surveyed responded that they would use shine to identify upcoming slippery ground. Studies 2-4 confirmed participants' reliance on shine to predict slip. Participants viewed ground surfaces varying in gloss, paint color, and viewing distance under indoor and outdoor lighting conditions. Shine and slip ratings and functional walking judgments were related to surface gloss level and to surface coefficient of friction (COF). However, judgments were strongly affected by surface color, viewing distance, and lighting conditions-extraneous factors that do not change the surface COF. Results suggest that, although walkers rely on shine to predict slippery ground, shine is not a reliable visual cue for friction. Poor visual information for friction may underlie the high prevalence of friction-related slips and falls.

show abstract

Psychophysical assessment of the perceived slipperiness of floor tile surfaces in a laboratory setting

Cited by 46 publications

References 1 publication

An integrated approach towards identifying age-related mechanisms of slip initiated falls

An integrated approach towards identifying age-related mechanisms of slip initiated falls

Human-centred approaches in slipperiness measurement

Why walkers slip: Shine is not a reliable cue for slippery ground

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About