Psychophysiological arousal and inter‐ and intraindividual differences in risk‐sensitive decision making

Studer, Bettina; Scheibehenne, Benjamin; Clark, Luke

doi:10.1111/psyp.12627

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Moreover, larger SCRs were found to decisions of higher bets as compared to lower, and to the outcome of high bet losses as compared to low bet losses (Studer & Clark, ). Another study, using the same task, found that SCRs during the decision of active choice trials depended on the chance of winning, comparing a 40% and 80% chance of winning, so that SCRs to the decisions increased with the chance of winning (Studer, Scheibehenne, & Clark, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Detailed analysis of skin conductance responses during a gambling task: Decision, anticipation, and outcomes

et al. 2019

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Physiological arousal is considered a key factor of gambling behavior. Hence, to understand gambling behavior it is important to study the arousal responses during gambling. Moreover, crucial mechanisms of action could be uncovered by detailing the situations that produce an arousal response. A gamble, or bet, can be partitioned into three distinct phases: (a) decision phase, during which the information concerning the gamble is presented, outcomes are appraised, and a decision is made on how to gamble; (b) anticipation phase, during which the result of the gamble is awaited; (c) outcome phase, during which the outcome of the gamble is presented. Previous research on arousal responses to gambling have mostly measured tonic changes in arousal, and when phasic responses have been measured, analyses have generally concentrated on one of the gamble phases. The aim of the present study was to map the arousal responses during gambling in more detail by measuring skin conductance responses (SCRs) during all three gamble phases of a simple card game. The anticipation phase was found to produce the largest arousal response, suggesting anticipation to be a major contributor to arousal during gambling behavior. Risk behavior during the gambling task was mirrored in self‐reported risk taking in everyday life, and risk‐takers displayed smaller SCRs compared to nonrisk‐takers during decision making, suggesting this as a possible biomarker for risk‐taking individuals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Detailed analysis of skin conductance responses during a gambling task: Decision, anticipation, and outcomes

et al. 2019

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“…The physiological and systemic responses correlated with impulsivity include a variety of signs such as heart rate and electrodermal activity (EDA) (Derefinko et al 2014 ; Mathias and Stanford 2003 ). For instance, high impulsive and low impulsive subjects show different patterns of psychophysiological reactivity in a gambling task during an active choice and high bet size; indeed differences in heart rate accelerations to wins versus losses are positively correlated with impulsivity levels in healthy students (Studer and Clark 2011 ; Studer et al 2016 ). Furthermore higher impulsivity scores are associated with reduced electrodermal activity (EDA) differences between wins and losses and reduced EDA in response to stress during a risky choice task (Stankovic et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity and Stress Response in Pathological Gamblers During the Trier Social Stress Test

et al. 2017

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Gambling has been associated with increased sympathetic nervous system output and stimulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. However it is unclear how these systems are affected in pathological gambling. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) on cortisol and on cardiac interbeat intervals in relation to impulsivity, in a sample of male pathological gamblers compared to healthy controls. In addition, we investigated the correlation between the TSST, duration of the disorder and impulsivity. A total of 35 pathological gamblers and 30 healthy controls, ranging from 19 to 58 years old and all male, participated in this study. Stress response was measured during and after the TSST by salivary cortisol and cardiac interbeat intervals; impulsivity was assessed with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Exposure to the TSST produced a significant increase in salivary cortisol and interbeat intervals in both groups, without differences between groups. We found a negative correlation between baseline cortisol and duration of pathological gambling indicating that the longer the duration of the disorder the lower the baseline cortisol levels. Additionally, we found a main effect of impulsivity across groups on interbeat interval during the TSST, indicating an association between impulsivity and the intensity of the neurovegetative stress response during the TSST. Involvement of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in pathological gambling was confirmed together with evidence of a correlation between length of the disorder and diminished baseline cortisol levels. Impulsivity emerged as a personality trait expressed by pathological gamblers; however the neurovegetative response to the TSST, although associated with impulsivity, appeared to be independent of the presence of pathological gambling.

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“…Further study is needed to explore the therapeutic actions of cognitively induced somatosensation in clinical situations, such as the modulation of pain or the autonomic nervous system, in addition to somatosensation. Second, electro-dermal activity is widely used as a biological marker of autonomic function, reflecting Bayesian surprise, in prediction error-based learning systems ( Bach, Daunizeau, Kuelzow, Friston, and Dolan, 2011 ; Nagai et al, 2004 ; Studer, Scheibehenne, and Clark, 2016 ). In this study, however, autonomic responses such as skin conductance level could not be measured simultaneously with fMRI due to methodological limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain activation during the expectations of sensory experience for cutaneous electrical stimulation

Jung

Ryu

Park

et al. 2018

NeuroImage: Clinical

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The brain actively interprets sensory inputs by integrating top-down and bottom-up information. Humans can make inferences on somatosensation based on prior experiences and expectations even without the actual stimulation. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the neural substrates of the expectations of the sensory experience of cutaneous electrical stimulation on acupoint without actual stimuli. This study included 22 participants who wore sticker-type electrodes attached on three different acupoints on different body regions: CV17 (chest), CV23 (chin), and left PC6 (arm). Participants evaluated de qi sensations after they expected electrical stimulation on those points in random order without actual stimulation. All stimuli were presented with corresponding visual information of the stimulation sites. The control condition included the same visual information but outside the body. The expectations of cutaneous electrical stimuli without actual stimulation on three acupoints resulted in greater de qi sensation compared to the control condition. Cognitive components of cutaneous electrical stimulation exhibited greater brain activation in the anterior insula, pre-supplementary motor area, and secondary somatosensory area. The expectations of acupuncture stimulation exhibited a distinct experience of somatosensation as well as brain activations in insula and pre-supplementary motor area. Our findings suggest that the sensory experience of the pseudo-cutaneous stimulation may be derived from the predictive role of the salience network in monitoring internal and external body states.

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Psychophysiological arousal and inter‐ and intraindividual differences in risk‐sensitive decision making

Cited by 20 publications

References 103 publications

Detailed analysis of skin conductance responses during a gambling task: Decision, anticipation, and outcomes

Detailed analysis of skin conductance responses during a gambling task: Decision, anticipation, and outcomes

Impulsivity and Stress Response in Pathological Gamblers During the Trier Social Stress Test

Brain activation during the expectations of sensory experience for cutaneous electrical stimulation

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