Psychosocial adversity in an adolescent psychiatry inpatient cohort: WHO ICD-10 findings from a multicentre prospective study

Wrate, Robert M.; Rothery, D. J.; McCabe, Robert; Aspin, John; Bryce, Graham

doi:10.1007/bf00784428

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Explanations for the high rates of symptom cooccurrence from a psychosocial risk perspective generally focus on the tendency for psychosocial risks to covary and the lack of connections between specific risk factors and specific symptom clusters (Wrate, Rothery, McCabe, Aspin, & Bryce, 1995). Indeed, given the available findings on psychosocial risk and maladjustment, high rates of co-occurring adjustment problems is the expectation.…”

Section: Stability and Specificity Of Psychosocial Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Contributions to Continuity, Change, and Co‐occurrence of Antisocial and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

O’Connor

Neiderhiser

Reiss

et al. 1998

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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In adolescence, antisocial and depressive symptoms are moderately stable and modestly correlated with each other. We examined the genetic and environmental origins of the stability and change of antisocial and depressive symptoms and their co-occurrence cross-sectionally and longitudinally in a national sample of 405 adolescents. Monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins and full, half, and unrelated siblings 10-18 years of age from non-divorced and step-families were studied over a 3-year period. Composite measures of adolescent self-reports, parent reports, and observational measures of antisocial and depressive symptoms were analysed in multivariate behavioural genetic models. Results indicated that the majority of the stability in and co-occurrence between dimensions could be accounted for by genetic factors. Non-shared environmental risks and, for antisocial symptoms, shared environmental risks also contributed to the stability. Genetic influences on change were observed, but only for antisocial behaviour. In addition, the longitudinal association between antisocial behavioural and later depressive symptoms was also found to be genetically mediated, but this effect was nonsignificant after controlling for stability. Results were discussed in light of the potential contributions of development behavioural genetic research in understanding individual differences in the stability and change of maladjustment.

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Section: Stability and Specificity Of Psychosocial Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Contributions to Continuity, Change, and Co‐occurrence of Antisocial and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

O’Connor

Neiderhiser

Reiss

et al. 1998

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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“…There is no available data in Norway on the reliability or validity of these diagnoses, or information about in what situations clinicians choose to give such diagnoses. ICD-10 axis 5 diagnoses in general have only been studied in two previous studies, and they provide indications of the validity and reliability of axis 5 diagnoses in a clinical setting (23,24). ICD-10 axis 5 diagnoses of abuse in particular have never been studied in child and adolescent psychiatry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnosed and self-reported childhood abuse in national and regional samples of child and adolescent psychiatric patients: Prevalences and correlates

Reigstad

Jørgensen

Wichstrøm

2006

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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We investigated if rates of ICD-10 axis 5 abuse diagnoses in the total child psychiatric population in Norway were different from self-reported abuse at 12-18?years of age, and we investigated their respective correlates. Study 1: The official registers of the total child psychiatric population in Norway in the years 2000 and 2001 were analysed for rates and correlates of axis 5 diagnoses of sexual and physical abuse. Study 2: Self-reports of abuse and neglect in a representative clinical sample of 129 adolescents referred during the same period were analysed for rates and correlates Prevalence of diagnosed sexual abuse inside and outside the family was low (1.6% and 1.9%, respectively) in the total Norwegian clinical population, and physical abuse diagnoses were even lower (0.4%). Self-reports of abuse and neglect were much higher (60.2%). One-fourth (25.5%) of the adolescents reported more than one kind of abuse. Self-reports of abuse were associated with referral for depression, symptoms of depression and suicidal risk. Patients reporting physical abuse were more often intoxicated by alcohol, used solvents and cannabis, and scored higher on the Youth Self-Report externalizing syndrome. There is a large discrepancy between rates of ICD-10 axis 5 diagnoses of sexual and physical abuse and self-reports of such abuse. Childhood abuse needs more attention in clinical practice within child and adolescent psychiatry. Physical abuse needs to be addressed in particular.

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“…Epidemiological analyses of risk highlight the correlated nature of risks and protective influences (e.g., Wrate, Rothery, McCabe, Aspin, & Bryce, 1995). It is perhaps not surprising, therefore, that epidemiological studies indicate that behavioral and emotional problems co-occur at remarkably high rates in children, adolescents, and adults (Angold & Costello, 1995; Caron & Rutter, 1991; Kessler et al, 1994).…”

Section: Selected Issues In Risk Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk mechanisms in development: Some conceptual and methodological considerations.

O’Connor

Rutter²

1996

Developmental Psychology

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This commentary focuses on several issues concerning research on risk mechanisms that are raised in this special issue. First, we focus on what marks this special issue as distinctive in the ways in which risk research is conducted. Second, several general issues i n research are highlighted, including sample characteristics, measurement strategies, specificity of risk factors and risk mechanisms, categorical vs. dimensional approaches to samples and measures, and definitions of development and transitions. Third, the challenges for integrating alternative models of risk are discussed, with special references to research on genetic and environmental influences on developmental psychopathology. This set of articles is a recent installment in a series of special issues and volumes on development and adjustment in adolescence. The types of samples, risk factors, and statistical analyses used are remarkably diverse, ranging from biological and genetic risks to macroenvironmental influences such as culture and acculturation. Equally significantly, these articles raise many of the more pressing methodological and conceptual issues that concern developmental research. Accordingly, they represent a notable cross-section in the history of risk research.Rather than offer a detailed discussion of each article or of the relations among them-the amount and diversity of information presented precludes this-we structure our discussion on three points. First, we examine the novel research methods and emphases that distinguish the articles in this special issue. Second, we highlight some cardinal issues in identifying risk mechanisms that are common to all the articles. Third, we discuss some implications of these findings for research on risk mechanisms in development. Changes in Risk Research ApproachesTwo novel trends are especially striking in this set of articles. The first is that possible ethnic and cultural influences on the impact of selected risk factors are prominent. Although broader social systems influence, directly or indirectly, children's development (Bronfenbrenner, 1986), there are many challenges in studying their role. Thus, there is a basic need to determine how culture, a distal factor, might influence individual development through proximal processes. Two examples in this issue are Molina and Chassin's (1996) report on the differential effect of pubertal maturation on parent-child relations, especially with

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Psychosocial adversity in an adolescent psychiatry inpatient cohort: WHO ICD-10 findings from a multicentre prospective study

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Genetic Contributions to Continuity, Change, and Co‐occurrence of Antisocial and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

Genetic Contributions to Continuity, Change, and Co‐occurrence of Antisocial and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

Diagnosed and self-reported childhood abuse in national and regional samples of child and adolescent psychiatric patients: Prevalences and correlates

Risk mechanisms in development: Some conceptual and methodological considerations.

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