Psychosocial and behavioral influences in the pathogenesis of acquired cardiovascular disease

Buell, James C.; Eliot, Robert S.

doi:10.1016/0002-8703(80)90240-9

Cited by 29 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The first three elements have been associated with a lowered threshold for ventricular fibrillation and with sudden cardiac death in experimental animals (84,86,140). The abrupt change s mentioned in the fifth element could disrupt neuroregulation of the autonomic nervous system and, as seen in clinical and experimental studies, increase cardiac electrical instability (141)(142)(143).…”

Section: Model F or Increased Cardiac Vulnerability Caused By Visuallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of cardiac risk among professional drivers.

Belkić¹,

Savić²,

Theorell³

et al. 1994

Scand J Work Environ Health

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of cardiac risk among profe ssional drivers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1994;20:73-86.This literature review indicates that professional drivers have excess cardiac risk that is not fully explained by standard risk factors. The contributi on of occupation is suggested by two independent methods and by psychophysiological studies during on-the-job driving. Driving has been conceptualized as a threat-avoidance task. Stimuli encountered in traffic are not inherently aversive but become so by association with driving experie nce, a formulation corroborated by laboratory studies in which stimuli such as car headlights elicit cardiovascular hyperreactivity and electroencephalographic signs of arousal in professional drivers. More-advanced neurophysiological methods (event-related potentials) show higher cortical electrone gativity to imperative signals among professional drivers than among nondriver referents. These data are viewed in light of reports of possible associations between event-related slow potentials and cardiac risk. A clinically and ecologically relevant neurocardiological model is proposed, and preventive strategies, including workplace interventions, are suggested.K EY TERMScardiova scular disease, event-related potentials, glare, neurocardiology, professional drivers, review, work stress.Of the numerous studies performed in va rious countries on cardiovascular disease and professional driving over a sp an of almost three de cades, ne arly all have shown an exce ss ri sk of cardiovascular di sease among professional drivers. Despite rigorous se lection against these disorders at hiring and during periodic medical foll ow-up ( 1-4), a risk of hyp ertension, ventri cu lar arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and other ischemic heart disease ha s been ob served in 28 of the 32 reports found to consider thi s question (1-32). (No ns ig nifica nt findings have be en reported in references 13, 18, 19, and 23.) Of particular note in many of these studies is the close relation between the number of work years as a driver and the untowardly yo ung ag e at which these ev e nts occur (l , 5, 7, 9 17, 26, 29, 32). For example, in studies of young myocardial infarct ion patients, fo r whom profession was determined, an unexpectedly high percentage (up to 40 %) comprised professional dri vers (9,17,26,29,32). While standard ri sk-factor status tends to be high in thi s population, these fa ctors have not been clearly shown to distinguish professional drivers from other lo wer ri sk groups (1 , 15, 16,33-35) (tab le I). Rece ntly , Ro sengren and her co-workers (27) demonstrated that the excess risk of coronary he art disease among middle-aged bus and tram drivers occurred independently of sta ndard ri sk-factor status .Thus the quest ion ari ses as to how this excess cardiac risk oc curs for professional drivers. A growing co nse ns us indicates that occupational factors must be gi ven ca reful consideration (1-3). A focus on neural mech anisms pr omises to offer meaningful insig hts into the problem (3,36,37). In...

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Section: Model F or Increased Cardiac Vulnerability Caused By Visuallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of cardiac risk among professional drivers.

Belkić¹,

Savić²,

Theorell³

et al. 1994

Scand J Work Environ Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is currently inconsistent research evidence on the association between demographic factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, type of occupation, and socioeconomic status and sedentary behavior (3,(14)(15)(16)). However, compared with the immutable factors such as age, gender and the decline of body function caused by natural aging, social psychological factors are often the best entry point for scholars to intervene in a certain behavior (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of the Adult Sedentary Behavior Reduction Intention Questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

Ye,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Sedentary behavior is gradually becoming the mainstream trend in people’s lifestyles, with a significant increase observed worldwide and across all age groups. The measure of adults’ intention to reduce sedentary behavior provides a significant reference for the intervention strategies. However, the measurement tool is lacking. Given that the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) serves as a robust psychosocial theory framework, widely applied in predicting various health behaviors, this study aims to extend this theory into the realm of sedentary behavior by developing and validating a questionnaire to evaluate adult intentions of reducing their sedentary behavior. Methods A preliminary item pool for the questionnaire was created through a literature review, followed by two rounds of Delphi expert consultation and a small-sample pilot study, resulting in the initial version of the questionnaire. A total of 316 adults with an average daily sedentary behavior duration of ≥6 hours were involved in the survey to determine its psychometric properties using reliability analysis, content validation, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results An initial version of the questionnaire with four dimensions (behavioral intention, subjective norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control) and 16 items was obtained. Subsequent psychometric property validation results showed that the overall Cronbach’s α coefficient for the questionnaire was 0.967, with Cronbach’s α coefficients for each dimension ranging from 0.911 to 0.950. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.813 to 1. The adjusted model indices were c2/df = 2.931, GFI = 0.906, AGFI = 0.857, IFI = 0.976, NFI = 0.965, TLI = 0.968, CFI = 0.976, and RMSEA = 0.078, all of which met the fitting criteria. Conclusions A theory-driven instrument is suitable for its use with Chinese adults to assess their level of intentions and the factors affecting the sedentary behavior, which provides the basis for future intervention studies.

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“…Such hormonal levels are considered to be a response by the patient to the struggle to maintain their sense of control over a threatening environment (most marked in the coronary prone personality), or distress and helplessness when they perceive that they have failed (Buell & Eliot, 1980). Such circumstances must be almost at a peak during myocardial infarction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catecholamines and the heart.

Freeman¹,

Nixon²

1986

Emergency Medicine Journal

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Letters to the Editor 263 peritoneal lavage was carried out, employing a peritoneal dialysis catheter, inserted through a small sub-umbilical incision in skin and linea alba. Five hundred ml normal saline were run in and returned clear. The catheter was removed and the skin closed with a single nylon stitch. Erect chest and supine abdominal films were normal.The patient was managed conservatively with intravenous fluids and regular careful observation. Two h after presentation, while her general condition was unchanged, palpation revealed very obvious surgical emphysema in the lower abdominal wall. On a second erect chest X-ray, gas was clearly demonstrated under both hemi-diaphragms and laparotomy was, therefore, undertaken. There was a considerable amount of bilestained fluid and gas in the retroperitoneal tissues around the duodenum, but only a small amount of free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. The duodenum was mobilised to display a 2 cm tear on the posterior surface of the junction of the second and third parts which was repaired. The patient made an uneventful post-operative recovery.The detection of surgical emphysema in the anterior abdominal wall clearly heightened suspicion of major intra-abdominal injury. The gas must have come from a perforated or leaking viscus. The possibility of iatrogenic perforation by the dialysis catheter was considered, but seemed unlikely as there was no faecal or bile-staining of the returning irrigant. Since initial X-rays were normal, slow leakage of gas from the retroduodenal tissues into the lesser sac and eventually into the general peritoneal cavity seems a likely sequence of events. In the supine patient, gas could rise to be expelled by contraction of the abdominal musculature through the small slit in the linea and into the subcutaneous tissues. This mechanism produced an unexpected but important clinical finding following initially negative peritoneal lavage which lead to the early detection of traumatic duodenal rupture, an injury in which diagnosis and treatment are commonly delayed for over 24 hours, and complications and mortality are correspondingly high.

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Psychosocial and behavioral influences in the pathogenesis of acquired cardiovascular disease

Cited by 29 publications

References 61 publications

Mechanisms of cardiac risk among professional drivers.

Mechanisms of cardiac risk among professional drivers.

Development and Validation of the Adult Sedentary Behavior Reduction Intention Questionnaire based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

Catecholamines and the heart.

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