Psychosocial, Eating Behavior, and Lifestyle Factors Influencing Overweight and Obesity in Adolescents

Abstract

Background: Adolescent overweight and obesity (AOO) is a global public health problem and risk for noncommunicable diseases. Understanding context-specific risks is crucial for interventions. Objective: Determine the prevalence of AOO in the Indonesian National Health Survey (INHS) 2013, assess the 5-year trend from 2013 to 2018, and identify risks. Methods: We selected adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (n = 174 290) from the INHS 2013 and used hierarchical logistic regression to identify gender-specific risks for those aged 15 to 19 years (n = 77 534). Change in AOO was assessed by comparison to INHS 2018 reports. Results: The national AOO prevalence increased over 5 years by 48% in young adolescents (13-15 years) and 85% in older ones (16-18 years). High prevalence areas included the urban location of Jakarta (20.9%) and the remote rural region of Papua (19.4%). Overall, AOO risks were being sedentary, male, lower education, married, younger adolescent, and school enrollment, with urban residence and higher wealth being persistent risks for all analyses. Data for depressive symptoms were available for older adolescents whose additional risks were being sedentary, depressive symptoms, and high-fat diet. Male risks were being sedentary and lower education, and female risks were being married, depressive symptoms, high-fat intake, and lower education. Higher intake of fruits and vegetables and fewer sweets did not protect against AOO if a high-fat diet was consumed. Conclusions: Adolescent overweight and obesity in Indonesia is rapidly increasing, especially in older adolescents and males, and with gender-specific risks. Customized multisectoral interventions to identify strategies for lifestyle change are urgently needed.

The Prevalence of Overweight Status among Early Adolescents from Private Schools in Indonesia: Sex-Specific Patterns Determined by School Urbanization Level

“…This will provide further tools for future tailored preventive interventions. We suggest that this early adolescent phase is a promising period for timely preventive interventions, given that adolescent overweight and obese status in Indonesia is more rapidly increasing in older compared with younger adolescents [ 8 ]. To conclude, our findings suggest that males from urban area private schools in Indonesia may be an important target group for future preventive overweight interventions.…”

“…School area was coded as 0 = suburban (Bandung and Manado) and 1 = urban area (Jakarta and Surabaya). We divided the area based on modernization and levels of Westernization [ 8 ]. There were no exclusion criteria involved.…”

“…Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period for the development of overweight, not only in Western countries but also among developing countries such as Indonesia [ 7 , 8 ]. Moreover, overweight prevalence seems to show sex-specific differences in Indonesia.…”

Sense and Manner of WASH and Their Coalition With Disease and Nutritional Status of Under-five Children in Rural Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Beyond those diarrheal diseases are more recorded in poor WASH practices mothers than in good practices mothers. The ( 36 ) study indicates that the risk of having diarrhea increases in children aged <2 years whose mothers had poor food hygiene practices. Children who lived in houses with less dirty sewage had a lower risk of diarrhea.…”

Determinants of late adolescent nutritional status in Indonesia: a nation-wide cross-sectional survey

“…A comprehensive approach is required to overcome the problem of being overweight in urban areas, which should involve the government, school and community. One of such approaches may take the form of limiting fast food advertisements by applying similar limitations as imposed on cigarette advertisements (Shahid and Bishop, 2019) (Agustina et al , 2021) (Lestari et al , 2020).…”