Psychosocial Factors of Public Transport Users and Social Inclusion Implications among Older Women in Pakistan

Al-Rashid, Muhammad Ahmad; Harumain, Yong Adilah Shamsul; Goh, Hong Ching; Ahmad, Zeshan

doi:10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000727

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The outcomes of these interventions demonstrated improvements in some domains of functional ability, particularly those related to meeting basic needs and mobility. It has been documented in many other studies that interventions that enhanced some domains of the functional ability of older people tended to be indirectly related to the social participation [45,46], civic engagement [47,48], and inclusion [49,50] aspects of the WHO age-friendly framework. The interventions examined in this review that evaluated outcomes did not account for the impact of external factors, such as a lack of infrastructure and resources, community support, and the safety of living environments and neighbourhoods in rural and remote settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions addressing functional abilities of older people in rural and remote areas: a scoping review of available evidence based on WHO functional ability domains

et al. 2022

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Background The World Health Organization (WHO) encourages healthy ageing strategies to help develop and maintain older people’s functional abilities in five domains: their ability to meet basic needs; learn, grow, and make decisions; be mobile; build and maintain relationships, and contribute to society. This scoping review reports the available evidence-based interventions that have been undertaken with people ≥ 50 years of age in rural and remote areas and the outcomes of those interventions relevant to enhancing functional ability. Methods The scoping review was undertaken following the JBI methodology. A literature search was carried out to identify published intervention studies for enhancing functional ability in older people living in rural and remote settings. The databases searched included CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest Central, PubMed, EBSCOHost, APA PsycInfo, Carin.info, and the European Network for Rural Development Projects and Practice database. Gray literature sources included government reports, websites, policy papers, online newsletters, and studies from a bibliographic hand search of included studies. Results Literature published from January 2010 to March 9, 2021 were included for review. A total of 67 studies were identified, including quasi-experimental studies (n = 44), randomized controlled trials (n = 22), and a descriptive study. Five main types of interventions were conducted in rural and remote areas with older people: Community Services, Education and Training, Exercise and Physical Activity, Health Promotion Programmes, and Telehealth. Health Promotion Programmes (n = 28, 41.8%) were the most frequently reported interventions. These focused primarily on improving the ability to meet basic needs. About half (n = 35, 52.2%) of the included studies were linked to the ability to learn, grow, and make decisions, and 40% of studies (n = 27) were relevant to the ability to be mobile. Only a very limited number of intervention studies were geared towards outcomes such as maintaining relationships (n = 6) and contributing to society (n = 3). Conclusion Interventions for enhancing functional ability focused primarily on the ability to meet basic needs. We identified the need for health-related interventions in rural and remote areas to consider all five functional ability domains as outcomes, particularly to strengthen the psychosocial wellbeing of older people and enhance their sense of purpose through their contributions to society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions addressing functional abilities of older people in rural and remote areas: a scoping review of available evidence based on WHO functional ability domains

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, Van Dyck and Cardon [62] showed that older adults with higher perceived social modelling from their (grand)children were related to increased active transport behaviour. Likewise, in a recent study, [33,63] also pointed out that the perceived social norms towards public transport use are crucial to promoting social inclusion among women.…”

Section: Older Adults' Mobility and Psychosocial Influencesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Few have focused on small-to-medium-sized cities in the developing world, where behaviour and particular needs may differ [31]. Furthermore, recent studies such as [20,32,33] also suggest that psychosocial factors influence the public transport use behaviour of older adults differently due to their unique needs and activity patterns. It is critical to thoroughly appreciate and comprehend how this argument exists so that relevant strategies may be devised to maximise their impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Psychosocial Barriers Shape Public Transport Use? A Mixed-Method Study among Older Adults in Pakistan

Al-Rashid

Nadeem²,

Campisi³

et al. 2022

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Transport can significantly contribute to independent and healthy ageing, but in Pakistan—as in various other countries across the globe—many older adults are dependent on others. Age-sensitive transport environments are crucial for generating positive experiences among older adults. Notably, psychosocial experiences significantly impact public transport use. Thus, a thorough understanding of these psychological influences on public transport accessibility can encourage walkability and independent mobility. In the present research, we combine different data into a mixed-method study to investigate the psychosocial barriers to public transport use by older adults for daily travel in Lahore, Pakistan. The data include a questionnaire survey (319 older adults), semi-structured interviews (11 older adults), structured interviews with four experts and an analysis of relevant national-, provincial-, and district-level strategies and transport plans. The findings show how poorly perceived social norms, negative emotional responses, and perceived difficulty are significant barriers to using public transport services among older adults. Moreover, the existing transport plans and documents do not favour and cater to such psychosocial issues. Several strategic interventions that could promote walkability and public transport use are suggested. It includes activating social norms, raising awareness and information, providing social support, improving walking infrastructure and public transport services, pricing mechanisms, and offering specialised services. These initiatives, however, necessitate coordination among government authorities at the national, provincial, and district levels.

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“…Previously, subjective norm (SN) is the social pressure that stimulates the behavior to use or not use public transport [22]. This variable is wholly related to the perceptions of the other essential persons' expectations positively and significantly correlated with the behavioral intention to use public transport [41]. Subjective norm is the social norm followed by the individual social concerns and believes.…”

Section: Subjective Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subjective norm is the social norm followed by the individual social concerns and believes. Their leaders, celebrities, loved ones, parents, and friends recommend using public transport and consider public transport use good for the environment and health of society [41]. There is social pressure on the public to generally use public transit services to protect the environment and health issues [42].…”

Section: Subjective Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Factors Affecting Pro-Environment Behavior for City Rail Transport Usage: Territories’ Empirical Evidence—Malaysia

2021

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The emerging population has increased travel demand and improved public transport mode in cities to connect the people. (1) Background: This study used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to assess the usage behavior for city rail transport with the factors attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control and its impact on pro-behavioral intentions to increase the actual usage of rail transports, i.e., LRT, MRT, and KTM commuter. (2) Method/Approach: To understand the antecedents of pro-environment behavioral intention, this study performed pilot testing, for which we collected the data through closed-ended questionnaires to test the instrument’s reliability, specifically from the Klang Valley in Malaysia. (3) Findings/Results: This study revealed that the public attitude due to environmental concern and subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are the strongest predictors for public transport usage through behavioral intention. The study estimated that most respondents would have agreed to choose public transport mode if quality of services increased. (4) Conclusion: In future research, the goal of this study could be extended as a strategic indicator for sustainable development through efficient mobility choice in Malaysia. The TPB model helps to present the factors involved in growing and retaining clients for rail transport. In terms of implications for policy, this study also provides policymakers with valuable information to maintain the current public transport passengers and attract new users through the perceived service quality and customer satisfaction of public transport.

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Psychosocial Factors of Public Transport Users and Social Inclusion Implications among Older Women in Pakistan

Cited by 11 publications

References 95 publications

Interventions addressing functional abilities of older people in rural and remote areas: a scoping review of available evidence based on WHO functional ability domains

Interventions addressing functional abilities of older people in rural and remote areas: a scoping review of available evidence based on WHO functional ability domains

How Do Psychosocial Barriers Shape Public Transport Use? A Mixed-Method Study among Older Adults in Pakistan

Understanding the Factors Affecting Pro-Environment Behavior for City Rail Transport Usage: Territories’ Empirical Evidence—Malaysia

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