Psychosocial job strain and polypharmacy: a national cohort study

Tan, Edwin C.K.; Pan, Kuan‐Yu; Hanson, Linda L. Magnusson; Fastbom, Johan; Westerlund, Hugo; Wang, Huixin

doi:10.5271/sjweh.3914

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The high-strain jobs, defined as high job demands in combination with low job control, have been observed to associate with an inactive lifestyle, as well as increased risk of cognitive deficits and cardiovascular events [ 19 , 20 , 26 , 30 , 31 ]. Active jobs (high job demands and high job control), in contrast, may affect job characteristics via adaptive or maladaptive self-regulation strategies, and lead to a healthy and active lifestyle [ 14 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The JDC model ( Supplementary Figure S1 ) was developed by Robert Karasek in 1979 to define workload and job-related strain, and consists of psychosocial demands at work and job control [ 15 ]. We applied a Swedish version of the demand-control questionnaire (DCQ) to assess the JDC model [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Psychosocial demands at work were measured using five questions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(5) Do you have a choice in deciding how to do your work? (6) Do you have a choice in deciding what you do at work [ 26 ]. These questions were quantified on a scale from 1 = “very rare” to 5 = “very often”.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

Wang

Blom

Nooijen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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A knowledge gap remains in understanding how to improve the intervention effectiveness in office workers targeting physically active (PA) behavior. We aim to identify the modifying effect of executive function (EF) on the intervention effectiveness targeting PA-behaviors, and to verify whether the observed effect varies by Job Demand Control (JDC) categories. This workplace-based intervention study included 245 participants who were randomized into a control group and two intervention arms—promoting physical activity (iPA) group or reducing sedentary behavior (iSED) group. The interventions were conducted through counselling-based cognitive behavioral therapy and team activities over 6 months. PA-behaviors were measured by an accelerometer. EF was assessed by the Trail Making Test-B, Stroop, and n-back test. The JDC categories were measured by the demand control questionnaire. Higher EF level at baseline was significantly associated with the intervention effect on increased sleep time (β-coefficient: 3.33, p = 0.003) and decreased sedentary time (−2.76, p = 0.049) in the iSED-group. Participants with active jobs (high job demands, high control) presented significantly increased light-intensity PA in the iSED-group in comparison to the control group. Among participants with a high level of EF and active jobs, relative to the control group, the iPA-group showed a substantial increase in light-intensity PA (1.58, p = 0.036) and the iSED-group showed a tendency of reducing sedentary behavior (−5.35, p = 0.054). The findings suggest that office workers with a high EF and active jobs may benefit most from an intervention study targeting PA-behaviors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

Wang

Blom

Nooijen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Furthermore, while the vast majority of research on risk factors related to the work environment has been performed on younger individuals, [21][22][23][24] senior workers are likely to be experiencing additional stressors related to increasing retirement age and barriers for prolonging work life. 25 Indeed, while musculoskeletal pain constitutes a potent risk factor for long-term sickness absence among blue-collar and white-collar workers alike, 26 older age is independently associated with persistent pain 27 28 and psychosocial stress.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of This Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal pain among senior workers from nine occupational groups: Cross-sectional findings from the SeniorWorkingLife study

Vinstrup

Andersen

2021

BMJ Open

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IntroductionMaintaining good health with advancing age is increasingly important as most European countries experience an increase in retirement age. In order to decrease the risk of premature departure from the workforce, identifying groups at increased risk of musculoskeletal pain and psychosocial stress is essential in designing workplace policies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between occupational groups differing in terms of physical demands and skill requirement, and the outcomes of stress and pain.MethodsThis cross-sectional study reports associations of nine different occupational groups with stress and pain among 11 474 senior workers; stratified by occupational group and based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO). A large-scale questionnaire survey was dispatched to Danish workers; drawn as a probability sample and merged with national registers. Representative estimates were produced using logistic regression controlling for various confounders, combined with model-assisted weights.ResultsThe prevalence of daily pain and high stress among occupational groups ranged between 20.0%–50.5% and 3.9%–10.0%, respectively. Compared with occupations characterised by being mostly sedentary (ISCO group 1–4), those with primarily physical demanding work (ISCO group 5–9) had higher odds of daily pain (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.70) and a tendency towards higher stress scores (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.46). Lastly, female workers experience increased odds of daily pain (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.66) and high stress (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.89) compared with male workers.ConclusionsOccupational settings characterised by mainly physical work and low skill requirements are more likely to experience daily pain compared with those entailing mainly sedentary work. Likewise, in this sample of senior workers, women are more likely to experience pain and stress. These results highlights the need for improving occupation-specific and sex-specific guidelines in the prevention of musculoskeletal pain and psychological stress in workplaces.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials identifier: NCT03634410

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“…As it is difficult to clearly distinguish between medically prescribed drugs and drug misuse, several investigations testing these models focused on the former criterion. On balance, for both criteria, there is some evidence that these concepts of a stressful psychosocial work environment are related to an increased use of opioids [ 4 , 20 ], benzodiazepines [ 9 ], cannabis [ 21 ], and other psychotropic substances [ 10 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. As a general limitation of current research on this topic, many studies examined just one type of drug misuse as the outcome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effort–Reward Imbalance at Work and Drug Misuse: Evidence from a National Survey in the U.S.

Matthews

Chen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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With the rise of drug misuse among workers in recent years, preliminary research on potential risk factors in the workplace of single-type of drug misuse has been reported. This is the first study to examine cross-sectional associations of work stress, in terms of effort–reward imbalance, with multiple drug misuse (including any drug misuse, opioid misuse, sedatives misuse, cannabis misuse, and other drug misuse) during the past 12 months in a national sample of U.S. workers. Data of 2211 workers were derived from the nationally representative and population-based Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Internal consistency reliability and factorial validity of a 17-item effort–reward imbalance measure were robust and satisfactory. After adjustment for relevant covariates, logistic regression analyses showed that workers experiencing effort–reward imbalance at work had significantly higher odds of any drug misuse (OR and 95% CI = 1.18 (1.03, 1.37)), especially opioid misuse (OR and 95% CI = 1.35 (1.07, 1.69)) and other drug misuse (OR and 95% CI = 1.36 (1.01, 1.83)). The findings suggest that a stressful work environment may act as a determinant of drug misuse, and further prospective evidence is needed.

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Psychosocial job strain and polypharmacy: a national cohort study

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

Psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal pain among senior workers from nine occupational groups: Cross-sectional findings from the SeniorWorkingLife study

Effort–Reward Imbalance at Work and Drug Misuse: Evidence from a National Survey in the U.S.

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