Psychosocial morbidity among parents of children with congenital heart disease: A prospective longitudinal study

Infant deaths in the UK community following successful cardiac surgery: building the evidence base for optimal surveillance, a mixed-methods study

“…The psychological and emotional impact of CHD on parents is well documented [128][129][130][131] and parents' descriptions of their anxiety and symptoms of post-traumatic stress on the online forum corroborate findings in the literature. 132,133 What we were able to additionally elicit, however, were parents' views about the specific challenges they faced following discharge after their child's surgery and their perceptions about what helped mitigate their feelings of isolation and psychological distress.…”

Stress and distress in parents of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for cardiac surgery

“…Furthermore, few studies have examined psychological distress reported by mothers and fathers of infants admitted to the NICU for cardiac surgery, or investigated reasons why some parents report higher levels of distress than others,. Such studies have also included children from a wide range of age groups [30][31][32][33]. Elevated levels of psychological distress have been reported in one-third of mothers of infants', and almost one-fifth of fathers with congenital heart disease (CHD) in the first few months following the birth [32].…”

Effect of cardiac surgery in young children with congenital heart disease on parenting stress in central South Africa: Initial outcomes

“…(5,18,26,40) These interventions may include counselling, parent education, active listening and the provision of anticipatory guidance, teaching of coping skills and developing strategies for accessing social support within parents' families and communities, and parent support groups have all been found to mediate stress and anxiety. (7,15,17,38,39) The PSI-SF has been used in several studies to determine parenting stress in children with CHD, and has been found to be a valid and reliable measure. (19,20,21,23,34,41) The PSI-SF has also been shown to have good test-retest reliability with Pearson correlations of .84 for total stress scores, and .68 -.85 for the subscale scores.…”

“…(2,12) In addition, the extent of the burden of care, social isolation and financial difficulties have also been shown to heighten the risk of long-standing psychosocial problems. (13) Little is known about the experiences of parents of young children living with CHD. (2,11) Parents of children with CHD face unique challenges that place them at increased risk of psychological distress.…”

“…(25) Accessing and complying with cardiac care is challenged in employed parents who may stand to lose income due to the frequent and sometimes extended periods of time needed off work in order to meet their child's care needs. (25,41,(46)(47)(48) A family's ability to come to terms with their child's cardiac diagnosis, and to then make the necessary lifestyle adjustments it demands, plays an important role in the outcome of the child with CHD, (1,7,15,38,39) currently driving interest into the impact of a child's CHD on parents' psychological health and parenting experiences. (2,5,12,26) The aim of this study was to determine stress in parents of children with CHD who had undergone cardiac surgery in central South Africa.…”