Psychosocial Risk Factors in the Developmental of Infectious Mononucleosis*

Kasl, Stanislav V.; Evans, Alfred S.; Niederman, James C.

doi:10.1097/00006842-197910000-00002

Cited by 182 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For example, psychological stress has been linked to the development and severity of EBV-associated infectious mononucleosis (32). Animal studies have also demonstrated the impact of stress on the virus-specific primary and memory immune responses to HSV-1 in mice (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic stress modulates the virus-specific immune response to latent herpes simplex virus Type 1

1997

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic stress modulates the virus-specific immune response to latent herpes simplex virus Type 1

1997

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“…An early study followed 437 seronegative West Point cadets through four years of intensive schooling to determine which factors contributed to their developing mononucleosis (68). Risk factors included having an overachiever father, high measures of self-motivation, and poor academic performance.…”

Section: Functional/response Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Searching for the Biological Pathways Between Stress and Health

Kelly

Hertzman

Daniel

1997

Annu. Rev. Public Health

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Population-based, person-specific health surveys, with concomitant biological measures, should provide important information about the processes by which socioeconomic and psychosocial factors embed themselves in human health. Questionnaire responses allow for assessment of the perceived psychosocial environment, but biological measurements will measure the status of the psychoneuroimmunology/psychoneuroendocrinology (PNI/PNE) pathways and may allow us to identify people who have "adapted" to their stress because of experience, expectations, stoicism, etc. This review sets criteria to evaluate potential physiological markers of chronic stress. Because population health surveys involve a massive number of samples, special consideration must be given to the laboratory analysis method and transportation time of the markers chosen. We reviewed five areas: glycosylated proteins, the immune system, hemostasis, peripheral benzodiazepine receptors, and the waist-hip ratio.

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“…Stress may also affect primary infection with a herpesvirus (35). Fourteen hundred West Point cadets who were seronegative for Epstein-Barr virus at the start of the study were followed prospectively for 4 years.…”

Section: Stress and Resistance To Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune system-central nervous system interactions: effect and immunomodulatory consequences of immune system mediators on the brain

Black

1994

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

111

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The field of psychoneuroimmunology deals with brainimmune system interactions. Studies involving various stress paradigms have revealed that the brain can influence the immune system through its various neuropeptides, neurohormones, and neurotransmitters. In the accompanying minireview (6), the consequences of stress on the immune system were reviewed; in general, immune suppression results from acute stress (6).Substantial animals responding with a large antibody immune response, as determined by a greater plaque-forming capacity of B cells, had more norepinephrine depletion in the hypothalamic and brain stem nuclei (34). These findings of stimulated norepinephrine metabolism and turnover were thought to be indicative of increased neurogenic activity of neurons containing norepinephrine (34). They were similar to those seen with stress and were likely to be due to stimulation of neurons that release corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), with the subsequent activation by CRF of sympathetic nuclei in the hypothalamus and locus ceruleus. I now consider the likely mechanism(s) that is responsible for these changes in corticosteroid and norepinephrine metabolism. CYTOKINES AND THE CRF RESPONSEIt is now known that cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), and IL-6, which are released from immune cells, specifically, macrophages during immune system activation, affect the brain. Although a blood-brain barrier exists to exclude watersoluble substances such as circulating peptides and proteins from the brain, this barrier is lacking in the area of the preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus (1, 57). Certain neurons in the preoptic nucleus have receptors for IL-1, TNF-a, and IL-6, to which the cytokines bind and thereby pass from the circulation to the brain (57). Preoptic neurons communicate with another hypothalamic nucleus, the paraventricular nucleus, which contains neurons that release CRF. As described in the accompanying minireview (6)

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Psychosocial Risk Factors in the Developmental of Infectious Mononucleosis*

Cited by 182 publications

References 20 publications

Chronic stress modulates the virus-specific immune response to latent herpes simplex virus Type 1

Chronic stress modulates the virus-specific immune response to latent herpes simplex virus Type 1

Searching for the Biological Pathways Between Stress and Health

Immune system-central nervous system interactions: effect and immunomodulatory consequences of immune system mediators on the brain

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