Leveraging digital technology, the platform economy, characterized by data-driven dynamics, platform support, and network coordination, is continuously transforming the labor market structure. It has demonstrated a notable impact on poverty reduction. Utilizing mixed cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey (CGSS), this study constructs a comprehensive index system to measure the development of the platform economy through the entropy method. This approach aims to facilitate the pursuit of common prosperity. Furthermore, it employs a Logit model to empirically investigate the influence of platform economy development on working poverty, particularly in the context of promoting common prosperity. The results reveal that the expansion of the platform economy significantly aids in diminishing working poverty. The development of the platform economy mitigates working poverty by enhancing regional wage levels and the frequency of Internet use among workers. Regional disparities are observed, with Eastern China showing a more pronounced alleviation effect compared to Central and Western China. The decline in working poverty is particularly pronounced among the young, the married, full-time employees, and those with higher education levels.